名词性从句课上用

主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 从句一律保持陈述语序。
名词性从句
• 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语
{What he does is important {
This is his job.
His job is important.
.பைடு நூலகம்
表语
This is what he does every day.
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.
4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正 的宾语 that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子 中。 例如： We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.
简单句基本句型实例
She came．/ My head aches. She likes English.
She is happy．
She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage. There +be There is a book on the desk.
主语从句
一在复合句中作主句的主语通常放在主句谓语动词 之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. （他是一位著名的歌唱家） is known to us. That he is a famous singer (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.) 2._（他什么时候去美国）____ is not yet fixed.
1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分， 本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略 2。不充当介宾 3。 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。
That/wh-clause + v +…主语从句
S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句
S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句
必须用it 作形式主语的情况
• 1. It +be+ 形容词/名词+ that 从句结构 • 他可能还没收到那封信。 • 2.It+ seems (ed)/happens (ed)等不及物动 词短语+that • 我碰巧看到了这个事故。 • 3.It doesn’t matter + how/ whether + 从句 他是否要参加俱乐部没关系。
翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。
1.What he wants is a book. 主语从句 2.It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together. 主语从句 3.I’m so glad that I can make friends with you. 宾语从句 4.This is why he did it. 表语从句 5.Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet? 同位语从句 6.That he wants a book is certain. 主语从句 7.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this activity. 宾语从句 8.Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much. 主语从句 9.He doesn’t know whether you can sing it well. 宾语从句 10.The problem is whether you can sing it well. 表语从句 11.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided. 12.Please tell me who your monitor is. 同位语从句 宾语从句
Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences:
1.The world loves nature.
2.Knowledge is power . 3.We Chinese are peaceloving.
Noun Clauses 名词性从句
S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句
判断从句的方法
辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1.How the book will sell depends on its author. 主语从句 2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 宾语从句 3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 表语从句 4.The fact that he has not been seen recently 同位语从句 disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S. 宾语从句 6.It is impossible that I go and attend the 主语从句 meeting.
When he will go to America
(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
1.连接词
• That 引导的主语从句只起连接作用，没有 实际意义，不作成分，但是，that 本能省略。 • 地球绕着太阳转是大家知道的。 • Whether引起的主语从句只起连接作用，不 做成分，“是否”的意思。 • 你是否能成功取决于你的努力程度。
• • • • •
4. that 引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中，用it 作形式主语。 今晚你的朋友可能来吗？ 5.当主语从句出现在感叹句中， 真遗憾你错过了一场精彩的足球赛。 6.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此 等语气时谓语用虚拟语气（should +do )It is + necessary /important+/surprising /strange/natural +that • It is suggested/requested/described/ordered/demanded +that • 我们吃早餐是有必要的。
3. How often does he go to visit his grandparents? how often he went to visit his I asked him ____________________. grandparents
二．宾语从句 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动 词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）
连词：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how
1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us . 3) He asked how much I paid for the violin. 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.
2.连接代词
• What ,who , which, whose ,whoever, whichever, whatever,等在句中作主，宾，表，定。 • 他刚才所说的是真的。 • What 引导的 主语从句一般按单数对待，但在实 际使用中其单复数取决于其成分的意义。 • What they need ___ a car and some water. • What the kid wanted ___ only a new shoolbag. • Whoever, whatever 引导的名词性从句一般不用it • 作形式主语。
什么叫名词性从句？
• 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses） • 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在 复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同 位语等
• 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名 词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句和同位语从句
名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和 同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why
3.连接副词
• When, where, why, how , 在从句中作状语。 • 我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。 • 恐龙为什么消失还是个迷。
二. It 作形式主语
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主 语从句的连接词没有变化。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： She did not know what had happened. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语，例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate(合作） with one another.
2. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当 句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而 that 则 不然。例如：
1) What ______you said yesterday is right.
It is right what you said yesterday.
I don’t like his job. 宾语 I don’t like what he does every day.
{
同位语
{ I don’t know about the fact that he is a
teacher.
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.
2) That ______she is still alive is a good thing.
It is a good thing that she is still alive.
宾语从句
1. We believe 他是诚实的 .
(that) he is honest
2. Can you answer my questions? whether he could answer my I asked him ____________________. questions