Narration

What is the order of narration?
A narration is
3
记叙
A flashback is 1
倒叙
Narration interspersed with (散布) flashbacks is
2
插叙
1. When a short part of a story goes back to events in the past:
sip
slurp gulp
jog sprint
wander stagger trudge
nibble
Main Sections to be Covered
5.1 Elements of Narrative Writing
5.2 Structure of Narrative Writing
Key Points
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a. To make it real, the writer may use many sentence fragment, slang, or pause.
b. There is no need to excessively repeat such phrases as ‘he said’, ‘she replied’, if the conversation follows a clear sequence.
What is the tense?
❖For most personal experience essays, use simple past or past continuous tense.
❖If something happened previous to the personal experience, use past perfect.
narration
Fiction: includes novels, plays and
short stories
Non-Fiction: bibliographies ,
autobiographies, feature stories and travel articles
15 - 3
A good story answers :
What is the “point of view”?
• Narrative essays are generally written in the first person, that is, using "I.“
• However, third person ("he," "she," or "it“, “they”) can also be used.
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1. This is a true story I just heard from a friend of mine over phone this morning, a story about the friend’s own daughter, a six grader, 12-year old girl, slim and sweet, always regarded as a bit spoilt “The Apple of the Eye” for the middle-class couple who live in Hanzhong, a small city in the southern part of Shan’xi province bordering Sichuan.
An Outline for Narration Writing
❖( setting, characters, and time period )
❖II. Body ▪ First major event ▪ Second part of the story ▪ Third part … ▪ Climax, the high point in the narrative ▪ Resolution in which the conflict / tension is resolved.
purpose: steady, inflexible, upright and kindhearted
protest the boy’s interest
Boy: wear a V-neck sweater, khakis, and loafers; have sandy hair.
purpose: weak and timid
2. “We are still alive!” she shouted in an unusually brave voice, “we should be singing instead of crying.”
3. “I am so sorry, my dear!” the mother apologized, “I’ve just finished a meeting.” “Never mind, mum!” the girl tried hard to hold back her tears, and threw herself into her mum’s arms.
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Character Development
1. Colourful description of his/her physical appearance and personality.
e.g. Bank clerk: a fortyish black man with short, pressed hair, a pencil mustache, and a neatly pressed brown suit. Boy: wear a V-neck sweater, khakis, and loafers; have sandy hair. I: a shy and quiet child.
• Your characters, real or imaginative, must look and sound ‘real’ or credible. If a character is not described well, the story will not be believable.
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• Last Sunday my close friend Tom and I went to watch a football match at State Stadium. The weather was extremely fine. The atmosphere of the football match was even more unexpectedly vigorous.
❖III. Conclusion ▪ What is "the moral of the story?"
Remember: Specific is Terrific!
munch (大声嚼嚼), sip (小口喝，抿), swallow (吞咽), slurp (啜食,出声地吃或喝), giggle (格格笑), jog (慢跑) chuckle (轻声笑), wander (闲逛), sprint (短距离疾跑), gulp(狼吞虎咽), stagger (踉跄), snigger (窃笑), trudge (缓慢而吃力地走，跋涉), nibble (小口轻咬，啃)
What happened? Where did it happen? When did it happen? Who was involved? Why did it happen? How did it happen?
What is narration?
❖The narrative essay tells a story (personal, true, imaginative).
2. when sometimes the flashbacks and the present alternate (交替出现) through the story
3. usually organized in the order in which incidents actually occurred.
be bullied and need someone to protest his interest.
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3. Interactions between characters should be believable – dialogues.
e.g. The officer turned to me.” You know,” he said, “you really shouldn’t have interfered.” “Shoudn’t have interfered?” I shouted. “Well, it damn well seemed to me that he needed someone to represent his interests.” “Someone was representing his interests,” he said softly. “And who might that be?” “The bank.”
Narration
• Narration
Genre…
• Description
• Exposition
• Argumentation
15 - 1
Narration is story telling, whether we are relating a
single story or several related ones.
Research is a systematic process of inquiry consisting of three elements:
i) a question, problem, or hypothesis, ii) data iii) analysis and interpretation of data.
Directions: Match the above specific verbs to the general meaning verbs in the following column.
laugh eat drink run walk
giggle chuckle snigger
much swallow slurp gulp
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Setting
• Where and when the narrative takes place.
• Allows the readers to visualize the scenes and the characters in those scenes.
• Although the setting may be clear for the author, he/she must create a picture for the readers.
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Elements of Narrative Writing
• Important elements that make up a story:
• Characters; • Setting; • Conflicts;
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Characters
• It is impossible to have a successful story without characters.
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2. There needs to be a purpose to any character traits given.
e.g. Bank clerk: a fortyish black man with short, pressed hair, a pencil mustache, and a neatly pressed brown suit.