文学翻译总论第一讲PPT课件

原文： 巧媳妇做不出没米的饭来，叫我怎么办呢？
译文： …and I don’t see what I am supposed to do without any capital, Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour. (tr. David Hawkes)
第一讲
文学翻译总论
文学翻译应该尽可能优化，要优化成翻译文学。 ——许渊冲
真正的文艺欣赏，绝非肤浅地寻绎出作品的主题思想（所谓主题只不过 是作品之一维），而是要深深地为作品通体光辉和总体的意境氛围感动 与陶冶，甚至更进而为对于作者匠心的参化与了悟——在一片恬然澄明 之中，作者与读者的灵魂在宇宙生生不息律动中对话，在一片灵境中达 至心灵间的默契。
译文： 香花不必向世界宣告自己的存在。（廖七一 译）
A fragrant flower does not have to announce its existence to the world.
香花不必向世界宣告自己的存在。（廖七一 译）
花香自芳 。（党争胜 译）
原文： 巧媳妇做不出没米的饭来，叫我怎么办呢？ （《红楼梦》第二十四回）
原文： A fragrant flower does not have to announce its existence to the world.
原文： A fragrant flower does not have to announce its existence to the world.
Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour. (David Hawkes)
Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook a meal without rice. (杨宪益）
No matter how capable, a woman cannot make a meal without food. （Jung Chang ）
从分析的视角来看，翻译赏评可划分为语言性赏 评和文学性赏评。语言性赏评是指赏评者从双语转 换的角度出发，以翻译标准做标尺，对译文进行翻 译实践意义上的评析，以“等效”原则为评估的准 绳。文学性赏评则从文学创作和文学欣赏的视角出 发，以文学艺术的标准为标准，对译文进行文学再 现意义上的美学审视，以创作原则为赏评的标尺。
枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马。夕 阳西下，断肠人在天涯。
Cytril Birch译文： Dry vine, old tree, crows at dusk; Low bridge, stream running, cottages. Ancient road, west wind, lean nag; The sun westering And one with breaking heart at the sky’s edge.
清明 杜牧
清明时节雨纷纷， 路上行人欲断魂。 借问酒家何处有， 牧童遥指杏花村。
The Mourning Day
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner’s heart is going to break on his way.
—— 胡经之
他父子二人（张狗儿和张驴儿父子）进得门来， 便见蔡婆正与一位女子说话，二人抬眼细看，不 觉目瞪口呆。只见那女子面如满月，目若朗星， 云挽凤髻，淡扫蛾眉。朱唇破一点樱桃，皓齿排 两行碎玉，行动似柳枝随风，眼波似秋水荡漾。 眉间虽凝万种无言愁思，体态却有一段天然风韵。
The first sight of Dou E’s lissome form stopped them dead in their tracks. Their gaze greedily drank in her radiant, moon-like face, her eyes like shinning stars, her cloud-like hair, her wispy eyebrows, her ruby lips and her teeth like pure-white jade. Moreover, even though her brow was clouded with sorrow and indignation, it still exuded a natural charm.
枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马。夕 阳西下，断肠人在天涯。
许渊冲译文：
O'er old trees wreathed with rotten vine fly evening crows ;
'Neath tiny bridge beside a cot a clear stream flows ; On ancient road in western breeze a lean horse goes. Westward declines the sun ; Far, far from home is the heartbroken one.
枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道wk.baidu.com风瘦马。夕 阳西下，断肠人在天涯。
翁显良译文： Crows hovering over rugged trees wreathed with
rotten vine---the day is about done. Younder is a tiny bridge over a sparking stream, and on the far bank, a pretty little village. But the traveler has to go on down this ancient road, the west wind moaning, his bony horse groaning, trudging towards the sinking sun, farther and farther away from home.