翻译技巧(1)词义的选择与引申
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postmaster. • 林肯早年当过店主和邮政局长。 2. A network of highways was built from coast to coast. • 横跨大陆建筑了一个公路网。 3. He found that the mercury column measured the predicted height. • 他发现水银柱达到了预期的高度。 4. Jets are a new development in aviation. • 喷气式飞机是航空事业上的一个新成就。 5. The shortest distance between raw material and a finished part is
• 2. China will not be the first to use nuclear weapons although considered one of the nuclear powers.
• 尽管中国是核大国， 但中国决不会首先使用核武器。 • 3. 16 is the four power of 2. (27 is the third power of 3.) • 16是2的4次方。 （27是3的3次幂。） • 4. What is the power of the engine? • 这台电机的功率是多少？
6. I hope I can operate the machine like you do.( conj.) • 我希望能像你一样操纵机器。 7. All matters such as iron, water, air, and the like are made up
of atoms. (conj.) • 一切物质，例如铁、水、空气等，都是由原子构成的。 8. Like enough, the ship will arrive in port. (ad.) • 这艘船很可能明天进港。
• 3. To find the area of a square or oblong, you merely multiply its length by its width.
• 4. Certain isotopes（同位素） are not found in nature. • 5. New fibers find expanding applications in engineering and industry. • 6. Kangaroos are found in Australia. • 7. This plant is found in the sea near the mouth of rivers. • 8. Microcomputers have found their application in the production of
翻译练习 2 （3）
• 1. Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool.
• 2. Scientists are constantly striving to find fast and convenient way of obtaining quantitative data.
• 5. Her waist measures forty inches round.
I. Selection of word meaning
b. Select word meanings according to the context.
1. The country’s industry has developed quickly in the last decade. • 过去10年我国工业发展迅猛。 2. To develop the instrument, many experts were invited.
I. Selection of word meaning
9. To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years.
脱鞋或穿鞋对她是一种痛苦， 但这已是多年以来的痛苦了。 10. He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is
为了研制这种仪器请了很多专家。 3. In developing the design, the engineer must apply his knowledge
of engineering and material science. 在进行设计时工程师必须运用工程学和材料学方面的知识。 4. In order to develop our power industry, we must produce more and pore powerful generators. 为了发展我国的电力工业， 我们必须生产越来越多的大功率 发电机
一、抽象词语具体化
• 1. Public opinion demands that something should be done to end the strike.
• 众舆论要求采取措施结束罢工。 • 2. The car in front of me suddenly stopped and I
working, as though about to take off. 他工作时总是坐在椅子边上，好象随时都会跳起来的样子。
11. Every material takes up space. • 一切物质都占有空间。 12. The electronic computers are taking over some of the tasks
• 3. In each round of operation the particle picks up energy from the oscillating（振荡） electric field.
• 4. An electron is an extremely small corpuscle（ 粒子） with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom.
2. The patient was connected to a television wave monitor. (n.) 病人情况通过波形监视器监视。
3. He likes making chemical experiments. (v.) 他喜欢做化学实验。
I. Selection of word meaning
missed the green. • 我前面的那辆车突然停了，我错过了绿灯。
II. Extension of word meaning
二、具体词语抽象化
• 1. The character of these people is a mixture of the tiger and the ape.
翻译练习 1（3）
• 1. The spindle（纺锤） rotates simulatneoulsy round two axes at right angles to each other.
• 2. The earth isn't completely round; it is slightly flattened at the poles.
d. Select word meanings according to collocation. • 1. high beam 远距离光束 • 2. high brass 优质黄铜 • 3. high current 强电流 • 4. high explosive 烈性炸药 • 5. high gear 高速齿轮 • 6. high seas 公海 • 7. high summer 盛夏 • 8. high steel 硬钢
I. Selection of word meaning
5. Instruments capable of measuring most kinds of error automatically and methods of feeding the information back to the machines’ controls have been developed.
能自动测量多种误差的仪器， 以及把信息反馈给机器控制 机构的方法已经研制出来了。 6. He is the last man to come. 他是最后来的。 7. He is the last man to do it. 他决不会干这种事。 8. He is the last person for such a job. 他最不配干这工作。 9. He should be the last (man) to blame. 怎么也不该怪他。 10. He is the last man to consult. 根本不宜与他商量。 11. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. • 我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。
genius sensors.
I. Selection of word meaning
c. Select word meanings according to speciality.
• 1. Power can be transmitted over a long distance. 电力可以远距离输送。
• 帝国主义者的性格即残暴，又狡猾。 • 2. Everyone has rain and sunshine (roses and thorns)
in their life. • 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。
II. Extension of word meaning
三、改换说法 1. During the first part of his life, Lincoln was a storekeeper and
that were once accomplished by our own brains, but they are not replacing us. 计算机正在接替原来由人脑进行的某些工作，但是它们不 能代替人。
翻译练习 4
• low: 下半轴瓦；弱阻尼；下限；低强度 电流；仰视拍摄；低音调键；慢速存取 ；低位；低速制动
• 1. low damping 2. low brake 3.low limit • 4. low shot 5. low current 6. low order • 7. low access 8. low key 9. low brass
II. Extension oBiblioteka Baidu word meaning
4. Like charges repel each other, unlike charges attract. (adj.) 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。
5. Like the human brain, a computer also has a memory where it can store vast quantities of information. (prep.) 计算机像人脑一样， 也有一个能储存大量信息的存储器
翻译练习 3
• carrier：托架，传导管；载体；底盘；航空母舰；邮递 员；搬运工；载波；带菌者，媒介物
• 邮政业（ ） • 运输业（ ） • 军事（ ） • 化学（ ） • 车辆制造（ ） • 机械行业（ ） • 无线电（ ） • 医学（ ）
I. Selection of word meaning
I. Selection of word meaning
a. Select word meanings according to parts of speeches.
1. Microprocessors monitor tyre wear and brake power on cars. (v.) 微机检测汽车轮胎的耐用性和制动力。
• 2. China will not be the first to use nuclear weapons although considered one of the nuclear powers.
• 尽管中国是核大国， 但中国决不会首先使用核武器。 • 3. 16 is the four power of 2. (27 is the third power of 3.) • 16是2的4次方。 （27是3的3次幂。） • 4. What is the power of the engine? • 这台电机的功率是多少？
6. I hope I can operate the machine like you do.( conj.) • 我希望能像你一样操纵机器。 7. All matters such as iron, water, air, and the like are made up
of atoms. (conj.) • 一切物质，例如铁、水、空气等，都是由原子构成的。 8. Like enough, the ship will arrive in port. (ad.) • 这艘船很可能明天进港。
• 3. To find the area of a square or oblong, you merely multiply its length by its width.
• 4. Certain isotopes（同位素） are not found in nature. • 5. New fibers find expanding applications in engineering and industry. • 6. Kangaroos are found in Australia. • 7. This plant is found in the sea near the mouth of rivers. • 8. Microcomputers have found their application in the production of
翻译练习 2 （3）
• 1. Rate of penetration was found to be proportional to the net pressure applied by the tool.
• 2. Scientists are constantly striving to find fast and convenient way of obtaining quantitative data.
• 5. Her waist measures forty inches round.
I. Selection of word meaning
b. Select word meanings according to the context.
1. The country’s industry has developed quickly in the last decade. • 过去10年我国工业发展迅猛。 2. To develop the instrument, many experts were invited.
I. Selection of word meaning
9. To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years.
脱鞋或穿鞋对她是一种痛苦， 但这已是多年以来的痛苦了。 10. He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is
为了研制这种仪器请了很多专家。 3. In developing the design, the engineer must apply his knowledge
of engineering and material science. 在进行设计时工程师必须运用工程学和材料学方面的知识。 4. In order to develop our power industry, we must produce more and pore powerful generators. 为了发展我国的电力工业， 我们必须生产越来越多的大功率 发电机
一、抽象词语具体化
• 1. Public opinion demands that something should be done to end the strike.
• 众舆论要求采取措施结束罢工。 • 2. The car in front of me suddenly stopped and I
working, as though about to take off. 他工作时总是坐在椅子边上，好象随时都会跳起来的样子。
11. Every material takes up space. • 一切物质都占有空间。 12. The electronic computers are taking over some of the tasks
• 3. In each round of operation the particle picks up energy from the oscillating（振荡） electric field.
• 4. An electron is an extremely small corpuscle（ 粒子） with negative charge which rounds about the nucleus of an atom.
2. The patient was connected to a television wave monitor. (n.) 病人情况通过波形监视器监视。
3. He likes making chemical experiments. (v.) 他喜欢做化学实验。
I. Selection of word meaning
missed the green. • 我前面的那辆车突然停了，我错过了绿灯。
II. Extension of word meaning
二、具体词语抽象化
• 1. The character of these people is a mixture of the tiger and the ape.
翻译练习 1（3）
• 1. The spindle（纺锤） rotates simulatneoulsy round two axes at right angles to each other.
• 2. The earth isn't completely round; it is slightly flattened at the poles.
d. Select word meanings according to collocation. • 1. high beam 远距离光束 • 2. high brass 优质黄铜 • 3. high current 强电流 • 4. high explosive 烈性炸药 • 5. high gear 高速齿轮 • 6. high seas 公海 • 7. high summer 盛夏 • 8. high steel 硬钢
I. Selection of word meaning
5. Instruments capable of measuring most kinds of error automatically and methods of feeding the information back to the machines’ controls have been developed.
能自动测量多种误差的仪器， 以及把信息反馈给机器控制 机构的方法已经研制出来了。 6. He is the last man to come. 他是最后来的。 7. He is the last man to do it. 他决不会干这种事。 8. He is the last person for such a job. 他最不配干这工作。 9. He should be the last (man) to blame. 怎么也不该怪他。 10. He is the last man to consult. 根本不宜与他商量。 11. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. • 我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。
genius sensors.
I. Selection of word meaning
c. Select word meanings according to speciality.
• 1. Power can be transmitted over a long distance. 电力可以远距离输送。
• 帝国主义者的性格即残暴，又狡猾。 • 2. Everyone has rain and sunshine (roses and thorns)
in their life. • 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。
II. Extension of word meaning
三、改换说法 1. During the first part of his life, Lincoln was a storekeeper and
that were once accomplished by our own brains, but they are not replacing us. 计算机正在接替原来由人脑进行的某些工作，但是它们不 能代替人。
翻译练习 4
• low: 下半轴瓦；弱阻尼；下限；低强度 电流；仰视拍摄；低音调键；慢速存取 ；低位；低速制动
• 1. low damping 2. low brake 3.low limit • 4. low shot 5. low current 6. low order • 7. low access 8. low key 9. low brass
II. Extension oBiblioteka Baidu word meaning
4. Like charges repel each other, unlike charges attract. (adj.) 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。
5. Like the human brain, a computer also has a memory where it can store vast quantities of information. (prep.) 计算机像人脑一样， 也有一个能储存大量信息的存储器
翻译练习 3
• carrier：托架，传导管；载体；底盘；航空母舰；邮递 员；搬运工；载波；带菌者，媒介物
• 邮政业（ ） • 运输业（ ） • 军事（ ） • 化学（ ） • 车辆制造（ ） • 机械行业（ ） • 无线电（ ） • 医学（ ）
I. Selection of word meaning
I. Selection of word meaning
a. Select word meanings according to parts of speeches.
1. Microprocessors monitor tyre wear and brake power on cars. (v.) 微机检测汽车轮胎的耐用性和制动力。