商务语篇的翻译
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
21
汉译要点
• 数字概念：时间、价格、数量、金额和规格 • 时间：on and after by the time not later than
22
数字的译法
• 数量的表达和译法
• 确定的数量
• • • • • • 整 总共 增加 减少 间隔 平均
• 不确定数量
• 超过，以上 • 不足，少于 • 大约
在某些情况下，跨国公司拥有一小部分股权，在某些情况下 所在国可拥有 100% 的股权，跨国公司只在机器安装完毕后， 留下一段时间来履行管理和监督职能。
8
• 2. The financial statements are the means of conveying to management and to interested outsiders a concise picture of the profitability and financial position of the business.
财务报表是向管理层和有关的外部人士展示企业 的获利情况和财务状况的精确的图表。
9
• Dear Sirs， • Our client in Bombay requests us to obtain from you a proforma invoice for color TV sets with the following specifications：“Haler”brand color TV sets 25-inch and 34-inch(each 500 sets)． • Would you please airmail us the soonest possible your proforma invoice for 1 000 color TV sets with prices CIF Bombay ， so that we can obtain our clients' confirmation．There is no question about our getting the necessary import license from our authorities．As soon as the said license is approved，we shall establish an L／C in your favor． • Thank you for your close cooperation in this respect. • Yours truly， • 10 • John Smith
14
合同：长句和难句
• This contract is made by and between the buyers and the sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. • 本合同由买卖双方订立， 因此买卖双方同意按照 下面规定的条款购买以下商品。 • NB: Please quote us the lowest price; we refer to …; we are informed that; it is subject to change without previous notice
• 倍数增减的译法
23
• 确定的数量
• 整—exactly, clear, just, cleanly e.g. It is now exactly tow o’clock. 现在正好两点钟。 • 总共— in all, gross, total, add up to, amount to, come to, sum up to e.g. The first order numbers two thousand pieces in all. 第一天订货共达2,000件
15
频繁使用套语
• Please quote us the lowest price… ； we refer to … ； we are informed that, it is subject to change without previous notice
16
文体特点
• 语篇风格特点—seven Cs
11
• 文体特点
• 词汇使用特点 • 语句使用特点 • 语篇风格特点
• 汉译要点
• 准确了解词汇的意义 • 汉译句子既简洁畅晓，又庄重老练 • 语篇格式规范
1商务汉译 的普通词以及缩略词 e.g.
• • • • Sole license vs. Exclusive license Offer , counter-offer, counter-suggestion, bid Surcharges, irrevocable letter of credit, insurance policy Property in goods vs. property of goods; appearance surface vs. surface appearance; partial shipments, instrument of payment, instrument of pledge, instrument of ratification, instrument of acquisition
20
• Engineering services are often handled through turn-key operations, contracts for the construction of operating facilities that are transferred to the owner when the facilities are ready to begin operations. • 问题译文： • 劳务工程常常是以全部包建的工程承包方式进行的， 承建生产设施的合同规定工程完成时，将全部设施交 付转让给业主。 • 正确译文： • 劳务工程常常以交钥匙工程的方式进行，即以合同形 式规定承建商在承建的生产设施准备投入运行时移交 给业主。 (turnkey operations 应译为“交钥匙工程”， construct for… 在本句是它的同位语，解释说明 turnkey operations ；而 transfer 在此句中的术语含义是 “移交”，而非“交付转让”。
英汉语言的对比与翻译
衔接手段
1
衔接的手段
• • • • 照应（reference) 替代（substitution) 省略(ellipsis) 连接(conjunctions)
2
照应（reference)
• 人称代词、指示词或表比较的词，指的是 篇章中某个成分和另一成分之间的关系是 一种指代的关系。 • He has tried whisky and the red wine，but he doesn't like either （＝either whisky or the red wine）．
• 敬启者： • 我们的一个孟买客户要求我们从贵方取得下 列规格的彩色电视机形式发票：“海尔 ”牌 彩色电视机 25 英寸和 34 英寸各 500 台。 • 请尽速航邮注有孟买到岸价格的 1000 台彩色 电视机的形式发票，以便我们取得客户确认。 从当局取得必要的进口许可证当无问题。 • 一俟获得许可证即开立以贵方为受益人的信 用证。 • 感谢贵方的密切合作。 • 您真诚的， • 约翰· 史密斯
7
Example
• 1． In some cases the MNC retains a minority of interest, in others the host county owns 100 percent and the MNC stays on after the installation is completed to perform managerial and supervisory functions for a period of time.
19
• 例如： • Multinational bank's services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker's acceptances, accepting eurocurrency deposits, making eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of eurobonds. • 错误译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、 买卖外汇、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提 供欧洲货币贷款以及发行欧洲货币债券。 • 正确译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、 买卖外汇、开证行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供 欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。 • (“issuing banker's acceptances” 应译为“开立银行承 兑”； “assisting in the marketing of eurobonds” 应译 为“发行及推销欧洲货币债券 )
5
省略(ellipsis)
• 省略可称为"用零形式替换"
6
商务英语语篇的类型
• • • • • • • • 商务信函 (Business Correspondence) 备忘录 （Memorandum) 会议纪要（Minutes) 广告（Commercials) 报告（Report) 通知 （Notice） 说明书(Specification) 协议或合同（Agreement or Contract)
24
• The popular film can gross five million pounds.
一部受欢迎的影片能赚取万英镑的总利润 He has $2,400 in the Bank, exclusive of the interest. 除利息不计外，他在银行有2，400美元的存款。 The exhibits totaled 3,500 pcs. 展品数总计达3，500件。
completeness Conciseness
clarity
consideration
concreteness
courtesy
correctness
17
汉译要点
• 准确了解词汇的意义
• 商务术语 • 一词多义 • 数字概念
18
汉译要点
• 准确了解词汇的意义 • 一词多义 Credit ①an arrangement where goods and services can be received now and paid for later, within an agreed period. 信贷，赊购 ② a sum of money paid into a bank account 贷记 ③ v. to record the payment of a sum of money into an account 记入贷方
• 他尝了威士忌和红葡萄酒，但对两种都不 喜欢。
3
• Mike is from England．He teaches English． •
4
替代（substitution)
• 避免重复同样的词、词组（group）和小句， 作者会用某个其它的词来替换 • I'd like some big apples rather than the small ones（＝apples）．
13
文体特点
• 语句使用特点
• 信函：简洁，简单句
Please ship at the first available opportunity. 请将商品尽快交运 Thank you for your letter dated 7th October offering us Chinese embroideries. Subject to your confirmation. see text p. 146
汉译要点
• 数字概念：时间、价格、数量、金额和规格 • 时间：on and after by the time not later than
22
数字的译法
• 数量的表达和译法
• 确定的数量
• • • • • • 整 总共 增加 减少 间隔 平均
• 不确定数量
• 超过，以上 • 不足，少于 • 大约
在某些情况下，跨国公司拥有一小部分股权，在某些情况下 所在国可拥有 100% 的股权，跨国公司只在机器安装完毕后， 留下一段时间来履行管理和监督职能。
8
• 2. The financial statements are the means of conveying to management and to interested outsiders a concise picture of the profitability and financial position of the business.
财务报表是向管理层和有关的外部人士展示企业 的获利情况和财务状况的精确的图表。
9
• Dear Sirs， • Our client in Bombay requests us to obtain from you a proforma invoice for color TV sets with the following specifications：“Haler”brand color TV sets 25-inch and 34-inch(each 500 sets)． • Would you please airmail us the soonest possible your proforma invoice for 1 000 color TV sets with prices CIF Bombay ， so that we can obtain our clients' confirmation．There is no question about our getting the necessary import license from our authorities．As soon as the said license is approved，we shall establish an L／C in your favor． • Thank you for your close cooperation in this respect. • Yours truly， • 10 • John Smith
14
合同：长句和难句
• This contract is made by and between the buyers and the sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. • 本合同由买卖双方订立， 因此买卖双方同意按照 下面规定的条款购买以下商品。 • NB: Please quote us the lowest price; we refer to …; we are informed that; it is subject to change without previous notice
• 倍数增减的译法
23
• 确定的数量
• 整—exactly, clear, just, cleanly e.g. It is now exactly tow o’clock. 现在正好两点钟。 • 总共— in all, gross, total, add up to, amount to, come to, sum up to e.g. The first order numbers two thousand pieces in all. 第一天订货共达2,000件
15
频繁使用套语
• Please quote us the lowest price… ； we refer to … ； we are informed that, it is subject to change without previous notice
16
文体特点
• 语篇风格特点—seven Cs
11
• 文体特点
• 词汇使用特点 • 语句使用特点 • 语篇风格特点
• 汉译要点
• 准确了解词汇的意义 • 汉译句子既简洁畅晓，又庄重老练 • 语篇格式规范
1商务汉译 的普通词以及缩略词 e.g.
• • • • Sole license vs. Exclusive license Offer , counter-offer, counter-suggestion, bid Surcharges, irrevocable letter of credit, insurance policy Property in goods vs. property of goods; appearance surface vs. surface appearance; partial shipments, instrument of payment, instrument of pledge, instrument of ratification, instrument of acquisition
20
• Engineering services are often handled through turn-key operations, contracts for the construction of operating facilities that are transferred to the owner when the facilities are ready to begin operations. • 问题译文： • 劳务工程常常是以全部包建的工程承包方式进行的， 承建生产设施的合同规定工程完成时，将全部设施交 付转让给业主。 • 正确译文： • 劳务工程常常以交钥匙工程的方式进行，即以合同形 式规定承建商在承建的生产设施准备投入运行时移交 给业主。 (turnkey operations 应译为“交钥匙工程”， construct for… 在本句是它的同位语，解释说明 turnkey operations ；而 transfer 在此句中的术语含义是 “移交”，而非“交付转让”。
英汉语言的对比与翻译
衔接手段
1
衔接的手段
• • • • 照应（reference) 替代（substitution) 省略(ellipsis) 连接(conjunctions)
2
照应（reference)
• 人称代词、指示词或表比较的词，指的是 篇章中某个成分和另一成分之间的关系是 一种指代的关系。 • He has tried whisky and the red wine，but he doesn't like either （＝either whisky or the red wine）．
• 敬启者： • 我们的一个孟买客户要求我们从贵方取得下 列规格的彩色电视机形式发票：“海尔 ”牌 彩色电视机 25 英寸和 34 英寸各 500 台。 • 请尽速航邮注有孟买到岸价格的 1000 台彩色 电视机的形式发票，以便我们取得客户确认。 从当局取得必要的进口许可证当无问题。 • 一俟获得许可证即开立以贵方为受益人的信 用证。 • 感谢贵方的密切合作。 • 您真诚的， • 约翰· 史密斯
7
Example
• 1． In some cases the MNC retains a minority of interest, in others the host county owns 100 percent and the MNC stays on after the installation is completed to perform managerial and supervisory functions for a period of time.
19
• 例如： • Multinational bank's services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker's acceptances, accepting eurocurrency deposits, making eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of eurobonds. • 错误译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、 买卖外汇、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提 供欧洲货币贷款以及发行欧洲货币债券。 • 正确译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、 买卖外汇、开证行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供 欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。 • (“issuing banker's acceptances” 应译为“开立银行承 兑”； “assisting in the marketing of eurobonds” 应译 为“发行及推销欧洲货币债券 )
5
省略(ellipsis)
• 省略可称为"用零形式替换"
6
商务英语语篇的类型
• • • • • • • • 商务信函 (Business Correspondence) 备忘录 （Memorandum) 会议纪要（Minutes) 广告（Commercials) 报告（Report) 通知 （Notice） 说明书(Specification) 协议或合同（Agreement or Contract)
24
• The popular film can gross five million pounds.
一部受欢迎的影片能赚取万英镑的总利润 He has $2,400 in the Bank, exclusive of the interest. 除利息不计外，他在银行有2，400美元的存款。 The exhibits totaled 3,500 pcs. 展品数总计达3，500件。
completeness Conciseness
clarity
consideration
concreteness
courtesy
correctness
17
汉译要点
• 准确了解词汇的意义
• 商务术语 • 一词多义 • 数字概念
18
汉译要点
• 准确了解词汇的意义 • 一词多义 Credit ①an arrangement where goods and services can be received now and paid for later, within an agreed period. 信贷，赊购 ② a sum of money paid into a bank account 贷记 ③ v. to record the payment of a sum of money into an account 记入贷方
• 他尝了威士忌和红葡萄酒，但对两种都不 喜欢。
3
• Mike is from England．He teaches English． •
4
替代（substitution)
• 避免重复同样的词、词组（group）和小句， 作者会用某个其它的词来替换 • I'd like some big apples rather than the small ones（＝apples）．
13
文体特点
• 语句使用特点
• 信函：简洁，简单句
Please ship at the first available opportunity. 请将商品尽快交运 Thank you for your letter dated 7th October offering us Chinese embroideries. Subject to your confirmation. see text p. 146