英语修辞讲解[优质ppt]

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(本体)(喻词)(喻体) 本体(subject or tenor)指被比喻的对象,喻体(reference or vehicle)指
用作比喻的对象,喻词(indicator of resemblance or simile marker)用在 本体和语体之间起连接介绍作用。
Simile源于拉丁语similis,意义相当于英语介词like (像),因此明喻中多 用like作比喻词,此外还包括as, as…if, as though, as…as, (just)as…so, similar to, to bear the resemblance to, etc. 如: 2) The gossip is like a net that strangled her. (她被像网一样的流言蜚语缠绕着,近乎窒息。) 3) The news is like a dagger to his heart. (这消息就像一把利刃刺向他的心脏。)
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Content
1. Simile
( 明喻)
3. Analogy
(类比)
5. Metonymy
(换喻)
7. Personification (拟人)
9. Onomatopoeia (拟声)
11. Paradox
(反论)
13. Innuendo
(暗讽)
15. Hyperbole
(平行对照)
33. Anti-Climax (Bathos) (突降)
35. Assonance
(母韵)
37. Single Rhyme
(单韵)
20. Reverse
(序换)
22. Regression
(回环)
24. Malapropism
(误用)
26. Pun
(双关语)
28. Syllepsis (Zeugma) (轭语)
30. Parallelism
(平行)
32. Climax
(渐进)
34. Alliteration
(头韵)
36. Consonance
(尾韵)
38. Double Rhyme (双韵)
1. Simile (1-2)
“明喻”又称直喻,是不同类别对象之间的相似点之间的比喻。如: 1) New China is like a red sun rising in the east.
down grass. 用于说明时,可以使枯燥深奥的哲理变得浅显易懂。如: 7) Habit is likened to a cable; Every day we weave a thread, and soon we
cannot break it.
2. Metaphor (1-3)
“隐喻”又称暗喻,是用于两个不同类别对象之间的比喻。隐喻与明喻的 区别在于,明喻将本体和喻体说成是相似的,而隐喻则将两者说成是一 致的。明喻中必须有比喻词,而隐喻中则不需要,因此隐喻被称为“压 缩了的明喻”(condensed simile)。
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Figures of Speech
Definition of figures of speech 修辞定义
A figure of speech, sometimes termed a rhetoric or elocution, is a mode of expression in which a word or words are intentional departure from straight-forward, literal use of language or out of its or their ordinary use in structures or employing sounds, for the purpose of clarity, emphasis, or freshness in order to achieve rhetorical effects. It adds beauty or emotional intensity by comparing or identifying one thing with another that has a meaning familiar to the reader. Figures of speech are found in oral literatures as well as in polished poetry and prose and in everyday speech. 修辞,又称修辞法或者表达艺术。作为一种表述方式,修辞特意脱离词 语直白的字面意义,或者打破惯常的语法结构,或者运用音韵的方法, 去获得清晰、强调或新颖的意境,以此达到修辞的效果。修辞通过读者 相对熟悉的事物去比较鉴别另一种事物,增强表述的美感,突出了感情 色彩。修辞常见于口头文学,精美的诗歌,散文和日常谈话中。
(夸张)
17. Euphemism (委婉)
2. Metaphor
(隐喻)
4. Allegory
(讽喻)
6. Synecdoche (提喻)
8. Zoosemy
(拟物)
10. Irony
(反语)
12. Oxymoron (矛盾修饰)
14. Sarcasm
(讥讽)
16. Understatement (含蓄)
18. Antonomasia (换称)
Content
19. Parody
(仿拟)
21. Anadiplosis
(蝉联)
23. ParHale Waihona Puke Baidugmenon
(同源)
25. Correction
(换言)
27. Transferred Epithet (转移修饰)
29. Contrast
(对照)
31. Antithesis
1. Simile (2-2)
4) He has no more idea of money than a cow. (就看待金钱而言,他和一头 牛差不多。)
“明喻”用于描述时,能生动形象勾画出被比喻对象的特征。使人对熟悉 的印象产生新鲜感,如:
5) His voice sounded like a thunder in the hall. 或对生疏的对象产生熟悉感,如: 6) The machine-gun was shooting down the enemy like a mower cutting
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