套细胞淋巴瘤治疗现状及进展2016

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套细胞淋巴瘤治疗现状及新进展
中山大学肿瘤防治中心
姜文奇
Fisher RI . Ann Oncol . 1996;7(suppl 6):S 35-S 39.
Armitage JO . Management of Mantle Cell Lymphoma . Oncology (Willston Park ). 1998.
Romaguera JE , et al . Cancer . 2003;97:586-591.
•占NHL 的3.0% -8.0%;
•中老年人(中位>60岁),男∶女= 2-4∶1;
•诊断时多为晚期:
• 90%结外受累,常累及GI , BM , blood , • Spleen ,liver , CNS
•兼具惰性和侵袭性淋巴瘤的特点•预后差,常规化疗5年生存率<30%
套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL )过去曾命名为中心细胞性淋巴瘤,
由非典型小淋巴细胞组成,广泛围绕正常生发中心,套区增宽,故称为套细胞淋巴瘤
概 述
MCL :M antel C ELL L ymphoma /Most Challenge
Lymphoma
最具临床侵袭性、对目前治疗缓解期短、
复发率高、中位生存期较短。

5-yr Overall Survival
3
Blood 1997 Jun 1;89(11):3909-18
T -ALCL MALT FL Marginal zone , nodal Lymphoplasmacytoid SLL Burkitts DLBC
MCL (27%)
T -lymphoblastic PTCL
30-49%
>70%
50-70%
<30%
1. Dreyling et al. Ann Oncol. 2014. 25(Suppl3): ii83–9
2.
MCL 治疗挑战
•MCL 具有侵袭性,病情进展迅速,治疗后复发率高,标准治疗难以治愈1
•大部分患者在确诊时已到晚期1 •不存在金标准治疗方法1
•较年轻的合适患者会给予强化治疗方案,但对大部分患者而言,这些方案并不适用1•已有治疗方法中极少有明显优越的方法。

ML的病理类型分布
抗癌协会淋巴瘤病理专家组统计2008年5月至
2010年4月全国52家医院的资料,n=21127 Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtype
distribution, geodemographic patterns, and
survival in the US: A longitudinal analysis of
the National Cancer Data Base from 1998 to
2011
There were 596,476 patients diagnosed with
NHL,covers 70% of US cancer cases
American Journal of Hematology
Volume 90, Issue 9, pages 790-795, 27 JUL 2015
遗传学异常在MCL发生发展中的作用
Semin Cancer Biol.2011 Sep 18.
多种基因异常共同参与MCL发病机制
•除了t(11,14), cyclin D1过表达导致细胞周期调节机制异常, 还存在DNA损伤修复及凋亡机制异常
7
Cell cycle
DNA damage response (> 80% MCL have secondary
alterations )
INK 4/ARF
DNA repair
Apoptosis
Deletion 11q 22-23Mutations ATM locus ATM ATR p 21G 1/S arrest Deletion 17q /mutation p 53
G 1
S
G 2
M
RB 1
RB 1 P
cdk 4/cyclin D 1
p 16
p 14
Stabilization of p 53
Deletion 9q 21
G 1/S arrest p 53
p 27
MDM 2CHK 1-2
MCL 诊断
•CD 19/20/22+ •CD 5+ •FMC 7+, HLA -DR ++, •sIg ++, λ > k
•CD 10-, CD 23- and Bcl -6-•特征性的染色体易位t (11;14)(q 13;q 32)
•Cyclin D 1+•FISH > 95%•Cytogenetics 70%
•PCR 40%
Small subset cyclin D 1-ve overexpress cyclin D 2, D 3 or E /
translocations with other Ig loci
Wlodarska I , et al . Blood . 2008;111:5683-5690.
MCL 诊断注意事项
–对MCL患者应进行全面检查,准确分期,包括颈胸腹盆CT或PET-CT,骨髓活检或穿刺
–对于拟诊为I~II期的患者,进行内镜检查除外胃肠道侵犯。

–有母细胞变或高 Ki-67 表达或有中枢神经系统症状者应进行脑脊液检查
惰性MCL的诊断
•脾大而较少淋巴结肿大
•Ki67较低,一般低于30%
•70-90%IGVH突变,无其他染色体突变
•少有P53突变
•不/低表达SOX11
•qRT-PCR检测SOX11、HDGFRP3、DBN1可助分辨惰性MCL。

惰性MCL:“观察与等待”优于立即治

J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27: e189-190;
J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27: 1209-1213
MCL的预后因素-MIPI
•由Hoster等于2008年提出,对来自 3 项随机临床试验的 455 例患者进行多因素分析,识别 4 个独立的生存预后因素。

(年龄、体力评分、LDH、白细胞计数),将患者分为低危、中危、高危组
•分析还表明MCL中,Ann Arbor分期、骨髓受累、淋巴结外受累部位的数量与预后无关。

Hoster, Blood 2008
MCL的预后因素- ki 67
•ki67增值指数升高与预后差密切相关
•NCCN要求初治应查ki67,<30%预后好
Blood 2008
SOX11-positive MCL tumors have increased tumor angiogenesis network and PDGFA
overexpression.
Jara Palomero et al. Blood 2014;124:2235-2247
SOX11在MCL的预后价值
Br J Haematol , 2008
n =48; 1721 ± 230 d
n =5; 501 ± 107 d
5-year OS 78% vs 36%
n =129
n =12
Blood . 2012
iMcl 12例cMcl 15例
Cancer Res , 2010
3.2 y vs 1.5 y P=0.014
其他可预测MCL生存期的基因
5-yearOS 78% vs 36%
Blood . 2012
iMcl
12例cMcl 15例
Cancer Res , 2010
包括 TP53, RAN,MYC,TNFRSF10B,POLE2,SLC29A2等
我院关于MCL预后指标新发现T abl e M ul t i vari at e anal ys i s of t hree-year P F S and O S
PFS OS Clinical characteristics
HR 95%CI P HR 95%CI P Male (men) 0.258 0.031 - 2.126 0.208 20.094 0.693 - 582.869 0.081 Age (≤60) 0.295 0.051 - 1.702 0.172 0.149 0.008 - 2.776 0.202
B symptoms (+) 1.223 0.321 - 4.660 0.768 0.285 0.018 - 4.538 0.374
Serum LDH level (<245U/L) 0.053 0.004 - 0.683 0.024 0.023 0.001 - 0.434 0.012 IPI (high-intermediate risk) 0.430 0.112 - 1.657 0.220 0.891 0.186 - 4.262 0.885 MIPI (low risk) 56.728 6.050 - 531.908 0.000 135.128 4.084 - 4470.622 0.006 Spleen involvement (–) 5.994 1.163 - 30.887 0.032 307.707 2.103 - 45021.314 0.024 Extranodal involvement(+) 0.960 0.259 - 3.551 0.951 0.208 0.021 - 2.021 0.176 Bone marrow involvement(–) 0.098 0.012 - .817 0.032 0.021 0.000 - .972 0.048 Ann Arbor stage (IV) 0.164 0.026 - 1.040 0.055 0.003 0.000 - .274 0.012 MYC (≤ 8%) 0.171 0.041 - .715 0.016 0.122 0.021 - .716 0.020 Bcl-2 (≤ 80%) 0.352 0.087 - 1.425 0.143 0.000 0.000 - .082 0.004 20%的MCL高表达MYC和BCL-2,
该群患者对常规治疗反应差,预后不佳
Cai QQ et al oral presentation in Young Investigators Workshop of M.D. Anderson cancer center 2015
MCL的一线诱导治疗
MCL的一线诱导治疗
不含HD -Ara -C 的一线诱导化疗
含HD -Ara -C 的一线诱导化疗
R -HyperCVAD /R -MA
CHOP and DHAP plus rituximab →ASCT 新的靶向治疗方案
B -R R -BAC
iBrutinb , Vorinostat , and cladribine
不含HD-Ara-C的一线诱导化疗
Therapy ORR, %EFS, m 2y-OS, %CVP 60-8410-2045-65CHOP 75-887-2160-76R-CHOP 94-9617-2076MCP 63-7313-1585R-MCP
71
18
mOS:56m
Multicenter Evaluation of MCL
Annency Criteria fulfilled
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
89
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
years
00,25
0,5
0,75
1
p
single agent
comb. no b. with anthra.
event free interval after chemotherapy in stages III + IV
含HD-Ara-C的诱导化疗
Study Therapy N Age , Yrs ORR
(CRR), %5-Yr EFS,
%
5-Yr OS,
%
Nordic MCL-2
(R + Maxi-CHOP +
HD Ara-C + Maint
R)
160< 6696 (54)6374 GITIL(R) HDS-ASCT77< 61CRR:866174
MDACC R-HyperCVAD/R-
MA 97Up to 80
(1/3 > 65)
CRR:8448 (FFS)65≤ 65CRR:8960 (FFS)76
CALGB R-Maxi-CHOP-
MTX/VP16-Ara-
C/CBV
7818-6988(69)56 (PFS)64
EU younger patients R-CHOP/DHAP-
TAM → ASCT
208< 6597 (63)65 (TTF)78
1. ASH 2007
2. ASH 2007
3. J Clin Oncol. 2005
4. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2007
利妥昔单抗在MCL治疗地位
•利妥昔单抗联合多种传统方案均可提高疗效
Author N induction Consolidation Response rate
OR(CR)
Median
PFS/EFS
Median
OS
Lenz 2005 Hoster 2003123
CHOP INF
maintenance
vs
ASCT
75%(7%)14mo(TTF)46%(5y)RCHOP94%(34%)28mo(TTF)59% (5y)
Herold 200890MCP INF63%(15%)18mo56mo R-MCP INF71%(32%)20mo50mo Dreyling
200875CHOP/MCP Intensive ASCT78%(42%)43mo90mo Rummel
200888R-CHOP-95%(35%)--
R-bendamustine-89%(32%)--
Delarue 200960R-CHOP
/R-DHAP Intensive ASCT95%(96%)83mo75mo(5y)
Geissler 2008159Intensive R-
CHOP-HA
Intensive ASCT96%(55%)63%(3y)81%(4y)
R-CHOP vs CHOP一线治疗MCL
•随机对照研究
Blood 2008
R-CHOP (n=63)
CHOP (n=60)P Value ORR,%9475.005CR,%347.0002TTP, m 2114<0.05PFS, m 2019>0.052y-OS, m 7676>0.055y-OS, m
59
46
>0.05
Rituximab and intensive induction therapy for MCL
•芬兰:maxiCHOP alternating with R high dose cytarabine with R -in vivo purged autologous stem cell support •美国:R -hyper -CVAD /R -MA

丹麦:3*R -CHOP responders continued with HD -Ara -C (2000 mg /m (2), bid . over 4 d ) and rituximab and stem cell harvest , followed by BEAM (carmustine , etoposide , Ara -C , melphalan ) and autologous stem cell rescue

法国:R -DHAP followed by intensive therapy with autologous stem -cell transplantation as first -line therapy for mantle cell lymphoma .
Meta分析:与单纯化疗相比,利妥昔单抗联合化疗可为MCL患者带来OS获益
Schulz H et al, J Natl Cancer Inst, 2007; 99: 706-714 Bendamustine plus rituximab versus CHOP plus
rituximab as first-line treatment for patients with
indolent and mantle-cell lymphomas-StiL trial Figure 3. Progression-free survival in histological subtypes of follicular lymphoma (A), mantle-
cell lymphoma (B), marginal-zone lymphoma (C), and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia (D)B-
R=bendamustine plus rituximab. R-CHOP=CHOP plus rituximab.
Mathias J Rummel,et al. Lancent l, Volume 381, Issue 9873, 2013, 1203–1210
BR vs R-CHOP for iNHL and MCL STIL NHL1:PPF B-R优于R-
CHOP
•STIL研究确立了在
不适合干细胞移植惰
性BNHL及MCL患者
中前线治疗地位;
•与R-CHOP相比,
BR疗效相当获更好
,毒性更低。

i NHL or MCL: the BRIGHT study
Randomized trial of bendamustine-rituximab or
R-CHOP/R-CVP in first-line treatment of ind
Ian W. Flinn et al. Blood 2014;123:2944-2952
R-BAC for MCL
•II期临床, 年老不适合移植初治或复发/难治患者

Q28d
•N=40(初治20例, 复发/难治20例)
•3-4度血小板降低87%, 粒缺性发热12%
•初治: ORR 100%, CRR 95%;
•复发/难治: ORR 80%, CRR 70%
•2y-PFS: 初治95%,复发/难治70%Blood 2013
MCL的巩固/维持治疗
European MCL Network: ASCT vs IFN
疗效(年)IFN ASCT P 中位缓解持续时间 1.6 3.7.0004中位TTF (ITT) 1.4 2.6.0001 OS 5.47.5.075
PFS
Nordic 研究根据MIPI分层分析显示:
低危、中危从ASCT获益更明显
对于经MIPI分层的患者,HDT/ASCT前的强
烈诱导化疗方案并未提高生存N=118
OS of patients intermediate/
high-risk MIPI score
OS of patients with
low-risk MIPI score
PFS of patients
intermediate/
high-risk MIPI score
PFS of patients with
low-risk MIPI score
JCO 2011
MCL一线和维持治疗
治疗
I–II期•短期传统化疗诱导治疗+巩固放疗适用所有患者•高肿瘤负担或预后差的患者,较适用系统性治疗. •也可考虑巩固放疗
III–IV期•所有有症状/无症状高肿瘤负担的患者在确诊时就可开始诱导治疗
•治疗应基于临床风险因素,患者症状及特征 (如年龄,健康状况)•老年患者(初诊年龄>65 岁) 不适用剂量强化治疗方案.
•化疗方案中加入利妥昔单抗能改善 ORR, PFS, OS
体弱患者•应用剂量减低的免疫化疗方案,以改善 QoL •低毒性靶向治疗
巩固/维持治疗•应用R-CHOP治疗后,再使用R进行巩固维持,能 显著改善PFS 及OS (3年后,75% vs. 58%; P<0.0001).
•RIT 能延长化疗后的 PFS (获益不如R-维持治疗)
Dreyling et al. Ann Oncol. 2014. 25(Suppl3): ii83–92.
MCL的靶向新药治疗
新药治疗
硼替佐米治疗R/R MCL患者
155例患者的多中心、前瞻性、单
臂的II 期临床试验研究 2
(年龄中位数: 65岁)
RR: 33% (CR/CRu :8%);
ORR: 95%
F/U 中位数13.4月:
66% 患者存活
缓解患者的1年生存率---
94.3%
1. Nature Review | Drug Discovery 2003
2. Richard I. Fisher, J Clin Oncol 2006 24:4867-4874
Addition of bortezomib to standard dose chop chemotherapy
improves response and survival in relapsed MCL
R -CHOP or VR -CAP in Newly Diagnosed MCL Ineligible for BMT : Study Design
Primary endpoint
●PFS by IRC
Secondary endpoints
●Response by IWG criteria: ORR (CR + CRu + PR) and CR (CR + CRu); time to response; DoR; duration
of CR + CRu; TTP; time to next antilymphoma treatment; treatment-free interval; OS
●Adverse events by NCI-CTCAE v3.0
Newly diagnosed MCL pts :
▪Measurable stage II -IV MCL
▪ECOG PS 0-2▪Ineligible for BMT Randomized 1:1
Stratified by: IPI score, disease stage at diagnosis
R-CHOP
Rituximab 375 mg/m 2 IV Day 1
Cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m 2 IV Day 1
Doxorubicin 50 mg/m 2 IV Day 1Prednisone 100 mg/m 2 PO Day 1-5Vincristine 1.4 mg/m 2 (max. 2 mg) IV Day 1VR-CAP
Rituximab 375 mg/m 2 IV Day 1
Cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m 2 IV Day 1
Doxorubicin 50 mg/m 2 IV Day 1Prednisone 100 mg/m 2 PO Days 1-5Bortezomib 1.3 mg/m 2 IV Days 1, 4, 8, 11
6–8 x 21-day cycles
(up to 8 cycles if investigator-assessed response first documented at cycle 6)n = 244
n = 243
N Engl J Med 2015;372:944-53
R -CHOP or VR -CAP in Newly Diagnosed MCL Ineligible for BMT : PFS by IRC
●59% improvement with VR-CAP vs R-CHOP (hypothesized: 40%
improvement)
●Median PFS (investigator assessed): 16.1 mos with R-CHOP vs 30.7 mos
with VR-CAP
─63% events; HR: 0.51; P < .001; 96% improvement with VR-CAP
P a t i e n t s A l i v e a n d P r o g r e s s i o n F r e e (%)
10080604020
00
6
12
18
2430364248
54
60
66
Mos From Randomization
R-CHOP
VR-CAP Events, n 165133Median PFS, mos 14.424.7(95% CI)(12.0-16.9)
(19.8-31.8)
HR (95% CI)0.63 (0.50, 0.79)
P-value
<0.001
R-CHOP VR-CAP
Median follow-up: 40 mos; 298 (61%) PFS events
N Engl J Med 2015;372:944-53
Lenalidomide 用于套细胞淋巴瘤

在欧洲多中心II期临床研究SPRINT中,比较了来那度胺单药和研究者自行选择的其他单药治疗复发/难治MCL的疗效,显示来那度胺显著改善了ORR和PFS。


CALGB50501研究:纳入53例复发难治的MCL,诱导治疗8程(来那度胺D1-14+硼替佐米 D1,4,8,11)后取得缓解的患者进入维持治疗(来那度胺D1-14+硼替佐米 D1,8)直至疾病进展。

✓最终结果显示,来那度胺联合硼替佐米在复发/难治MCL中有效率为30%,1年OS为68%。

Leuk Lymphoma. 2015 Apr;56(4):958-64.
Phase II : Lenalidomide + Rituximab for
Untreated MCL
Inclusion criteria:
─Phenotype: CD20+, CD5+, CD23-, cyclin D1+
─Measureable disease; tumor mass ≥ 1.5 cm
─Low to intermediate risk on MIPI or high risk if not a candidate for or declined chemotherapy

Adequate organ function
Ruan J, et al. ASH 2014. Abstract 625.
Rituximab 375 mg/m 2 for 4 wks of cycle 1
After cycle 1, once every other cycle for total of 9 doses +
Lenalidomide 20 mg*Days 1-21 q28 days
Induction (cycles 1-12)Rituximab 375 mg/m 2 once every other cycle +
Lenalidomide 15 mg Days 1-21 q28 days
Maintenance phase (cycles 1-12)
continued until disease
progression
For pts who respond
Deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis required (generally aspirin)
*Dose escalation to 25 mg allowed.Primary objective : ORR
Secondary objectives : safety , PFS , OS , QoL
Lenalidomide + Rituximab for MCL : Efficacy
Ruan J, et al. ASH 2014. Abstract 625.
1.00
0.750.500.25
10203040
24-mos OS = 92.4% (95% Cl: 72.3% to 98.1%)
Median follow-up: 26 mos (range: 5-38)
P r o b a b i l i t y o f O S
Mos From Treatment
OS
1.00
0.75
0.500.2500
10203040
PFS
Mos From Treatment
24-mos PFS: 84.6% (95% Cl: 66.6% to 93.4%)
Median follow-up: 26 mos (range: 5-38)
P r o b a b i l i t y o f P F S
1.00
0.750.50
0.25
00
10203040
Mos From Treatment
PFS by MIPI
P = .38 by log-rank test
P r o b a b i l i t y o f P F S
MIPI ≤ 6.2 MIPI > 6.2
Published in: Vicki A,et al.; Leukemia & Lymphoma 2015, 56, 958-964.
Wang ML , et al . N Engl J Med . 2013;369:507-516.
Ibrutinib in R/R MCL: OS by Previous
Bortezomib Exposure
1009080706050403020100
48121620
P a t i e n t s A l i v e W i t h o u t
P r o g r e s s i o n (%)
Mos Since First Documentation of Response
All
Bortezomib exposure No bortezomib exposure
Pts at Risk, n
No bortezomib exposure Bortezomib exposure All 433275
302656
231740
15924
336
000
PFS (solid line) and OS (dashed line) in 48 patients treated with R, bendamustine, and ibrutinib.
Kami Maddocks et al. Blood 2015;125:242-248
MCL获得批准药物:替西罗莫司
替西罗莫司
许可2007.11.19日获得欧盟许可
适用症成年复发性/难治性 MCL患者
推荐剂量在30–60分钟内输入175mg,每周一次,用3周;之后每周一次,在在30–60分钟内输入75mg
剂量调整•出现不良反应时需要调整剂量
•中性粒细胞和血小板绝对计数变化时推荐调整剂量
注意事项肝肾功能严重受损的患者需慎用
Pfizer Ltd, 2014.
替西罗莫司治疗MCL的临床试验
Pfizer Ltd, 2014.
提高MCL疗效的策略
✓根据危险因素分层治疗
✓新方案治疗
✓高强度或交替方案
✓靶向药物的应用
✓维持/巩固治疗(干细胞移植等)
✓参加新药临床研究
初治套细胞淋巴瘤的治疗
–对于部分进展缓慢,呈明显惰性特征的患者,可观察等待。

–对于年老和耐受性差,肿瘤负荷低,进展慢的患者,可以
采用低强度化疗作为初始治疗,推荐方案包括:
•R-B(利妥昔单抗+苯达莫斯汀)
•COP,CHOP,R-CHOP
•剂量调整的R-EPOCH
–对于年轻患者可采用高强度-交替方案化疗,推荐方案:•R-CHOP/R-ICE 交替方案
•R-CHOP/R-DHAP 交替方案等。

•R-Hyper-CVAD / MTX-Ara-C
•达 CR1 后年轻患者可以考虑移植。

复发/难治性 MCL 的治疗
⏹复发的MCL患者有条件可以首选含有ibrutinib的方案⏹早期未接受过苯达莫司汀患者也可选择RB方案
(苯达莫司汀/利妥昔单抗)
⏹其它的方案包括含有硼替佐米或来那度胺或替西罗莫司⏹或参加临床试验研究的药物方案
⏹如果患者有较长的缓解间期且符合移植标准,可给予 自体移植或低强度预处理后异基因造血干细胞移植。

MCL治疗策略
Current first-line therapy pathway for MCL
(Blood. 2015;125(1):48-55)
THANK YOU!
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center。

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