【医学PPT课件】先心病室间隔缺损
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▪ The remaining opening is called the ostuim primum. •
▪ As the septum primum is growing down, the endocardial cushions fuse and the ostium primum is eventually obliterated.
Presentation
▪ Fatigue ▪ Shortness of Breath ▪ Growth retardation ▪ Frequent respiratory infections ▪ Persistent murmur
Diagnostics
▪ ECG ▪ X-RAY ▪ ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ▪ Sometime百度文库 cardiac catheterization
▪ Usually with a sinus venosus ASD, a pulmonary vein from the right lung will be abnormally connected to the right atrium instead of the left atrium.
▪ This is called an anomalous pulmonary vein.
Embryology
▪ The interatrial septum forms during the first and second months of fetal development.
▪ Stage I is the formation of the septum primum.
▪ The septum primum walls off a crescent-shaped portion of the hole between the right and left atria.
▪ The 2 tissue layers overlap like a flap, allowing blood flow to continue during fetal life.
▪ Changes in circulation at birth, closes the flap permanently.
Ostium Primum
▪ Next most common type
▪ Located in the lower portion of the atrial septum.
▪ Will often have a mitral valve defect associated with it called a mitral valve cleft.
▪ one of the most common congenital heart defects seen in pediatric cardiology
▪ 7-10% of all patients with congenital heart disease
▪ Twice as frequent in females than males
▪ A mitral valve cleft is a slit-like or elongated hole usually involves the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve.
Sinus Venosus
▪ Least common type of ASD ▪ Located in the upper portion of the atrial
Foramen primum (also called the ostium primum) stays open
▪ The remaining part of the opening between the right and left atria is closed by the septum secundum.
may also see in Pulmonary Edema, Pulmonary Disease, over sedation and cardiogenic shock
Atrial Septal Defect
Kendra Marsh, MD Division of Cardiology, UIC
Fellow
Embryology
▪ Gestational Week 4 Gestational Week 4-6 •
▪ A thin, crescent shaped wedge of tissue of (septum primum) grows towards and fuses with endocardial cushions.
Shunt Determination
▪ Normally…
▪ Pulmonary Blood Flow = Systemic Blood Flow
• Shunt Suspected If…
Pulmonary Artery Saturation >80% (?Left-Right) Unexplained Arterial Saturation less than 93% (Right to Left)
septum.
▪ Association with an abnormal pulmonary vein connection
▪ Four pulmonary veins, two from the right lung and two from the left lung, normally return red blood to the left atrium.
▪ ..\asd-veno.jpg
Foramen Ovale
▪ Remnant of fetal circulation
▪ Behaves like flap valve ▪ Opens during
increased intrathoracic pressure
Incidence and Prevalence
▪ As the septum primum is growing down, the endocardial cushions fuse and the ostium primum is eventually obliterated.
Presentation
▪ Fatigue ▪ Shortness of Breath ▪ Growth retardation ▪ Frequent respiratory infections ▪ Persistent murmur
Diagnostics
▪ ECG ▪ X-RAY ▪ ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ▪ Sometime百度文库 cardiac catheterization
▪ Usually with a sinus venosus ASD, a pulmonary vein from the right lung will be abnormally connected to the right atrium instead of the left atrium.
▪ This is called an anomalous pulmonary vein.
Embryology
▪ The interatrial septum forms during the first and second months of fetal development.
▪ Stage I is the formation of the septum primum.
▪ The septum primum walls off a crescent-shaped portion of the hole between the right and left atria.
▪ The 2 tissue layers overlap like a flap, allowing blood flow to continue during fetal life.
▪ Changes in circulation at birth, closes the flap permanently.
Ostium Primum
▪ Next most common type
▪ Located in the lower portion of the atrial septum.
▪ Will often have a mitral valve defect associated with it called a mitral valve cleft.
▪ one of the most common congenital heart defects seen in pediatric cardiology
▪ 7-10% of all patients with congenital heart disease
▪ Twice as frequent in females than males
▪ A mitral valve cleft is a slit-like or elongated hole usually involves the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve.
Sinus Venosus
▪ Least common type of ASD ▪ Located in the upper portion of the atrial
Foramen primum (also called the ostium primum) stays open
▪ The remaining part of the opening between the right and left atria is closed by the septum secundum.
may also see in Pulmonary Edema, Pulmonary Disease, over sedation and cardiogenic shock
Atrial Septal Defect
Kendra Marsh, MD Division of Cardiology, UIC
Fellow
Embryology
▪ Gestational Week 4 Gestational Week 4-6 •
▪ A thin, crescent shaped wedge of tissue of (septum primum) grows towards and fuses with endocardial cushions.
Shunt Determination
▪ Normally…
▪ Pulmonary Blood Flow = Systemic Blood Flow
• Shunt Suspected If…
Pulmonary Artery Saturation >80% (?Left-Right) Unexplained Arterial Saturation less than 93% (Right to Left)
septum.
▪ Association with an abnormal pulmonary vein connection
▪ Four pulmonary veins, two from the right lung and two from the left lung, normally return red blood to the left atrium.
▪ ..\asd-veno.jpg
Foramen Ovale
▪ Remnant of fetal circulation
▪ Behaves like flap valve ▪ Opens during
increased intrathoracic pressure
Incidence and Prevalence