双语版材料力学试验应力分析基础
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§15–3 PRINCIPLE AND APPLICATION OF THE PHOTOELASTICITY
第十五章
§15–1 概 述
实验应力分析基础
§15–2 电阻应变计法的原理及应用
§15–3 光弹性法的原理及应用
§15–１ Summary
一、Function of the stress analysis method in experiments ： 1. Determine the reasonable dimension and the structureal form of a memberaccording to the tested stress or strain of the model in designing. 2. Test the true stress or strain of a member in work and find out the position and the value
§15–１ 概 一、实验应力分析方法的作用：
述
1.设计时，测定模型的应力或变形，依此来确定构件的合理尺 寸和结构形式。 2.工作中，测定构件的真实应力或变形，找出最大应力的位置 和数值，以评价工程结构的安全可靠性，并为提高设备的 工作能力提供依据。
3.对破坏或失效构件进行分析，提出改进措施，防止再次破坏。
Mechanics of Materials
CHAPTER15 FOUNDATIONS OF THE STRESS ANALYSIS IN EXPERIMENTS
§15–1 SUMMARY §15–2 PRINCIPLE AND APPLICATION OF THE
STRAINOMETER OF THE RESISTANCE
4.测定外载的大小、方向以及各种动响应。 5.从试验中探索新的规律，并对应力分析理论和计算方法进行 校核。
二、Brief introduction of methods in the stress analysis of experiments
1.The machinery measuring method.
of the maximum stress in order to evaluate the safty and reliability of the engineering
structure and to provide the basis of improving working ability for the equipment. 3. Analyze the destroyed or failed member and propose the measures of improvement in order to prevent it from destroying again. 4. Test the magnitude,derection and all kinds of dynamic responses of the external load. 5. Explore the new rule from tests and check the theory of stress analysis and the calculation method.
Leonardo Da Vinci( 14521519).This picture is considered to show the earliest test in Mechanics
of Materials.
The tensile test of an iron wire designed by Leonardo Da Vinci.
Hydraulic verstile testing machine controlled by the computer
2. Other methods：
Since the early 20th century,the developments of electricity,optics acousics and materials science have provided conditions for the productionof other measurement methods of the stress analysis in experiments.Then the resistance-
里奥纳多•达•芬奇(1452—1519)
此图被认为是最早的材力试验
里奥纳多•达•芬奇设计的铁丝受 拉试验
Galileo (1564—1642)
tensile
Fig.14 Sketch of the tensile test
of Galileo
Fig.15 Sketch of the bending test of Galileo
The figure of measuring deformations in the book annotated by Zheng Xuan(127-200)in the east Han dynasty.
Байду номын сангаас
二、实验应力分析方法简介：
1. 机 械 量 测 法
东汉郑玄(127—200)注释的《考工记•弓人》中的测变形图
strain method,ordinary photoelasticity method,hologram photoelasticity
method,sound launching method and so on are made fast developments and wide applications.
伽利略 (1564—1642)
Mushenbluic (1692—1761)
Fig.37 Tensile-test machine of Mushenbluic
Fig.38 Method to clamp two ends of a tensile specimen
穆申布洛依克 (1692—1761)
第十五章
§15–1 概 述
实验应力分析基础
§15–2 电阻应变计法的原理及应用
§15–3 光弹性法的原理及应用
§15–１ Summary
一、Function of the stress analysis method in experiments ： 1. Determine the reasonable dimension and the structureal form of a memberaccording to the tested stress or strain of the model in designing. 2. Test the true stress or strain of a member in work and find out the position and the value
§15–１ 概 一、实验应力分析方法的作用：
述
1.设计时，测定模型的应力或变形，依此来确定构件的合理尺 寸和结构形式。 2.工作中，测定构件的真实应力或变形，找出最大应力的位置 和数值，以评价工程结构的安全可靠性，并为提高设备的 工作能力提供依据。
3.对破坏或失效构件进行分析，提出改进措施，防止再次破坏。
Mechanics of Materials
CHAPTER15 FOUNDATIONS OF THE STRESS ANALYSIS IN EXPERIMENTS
§15–1 SUMMARY §15–2 PRINCIPLE AND APPLICATION OF THE
STRAINOMETER OF THE RESISTANCE
4.测定外载的大小、方向以及各种动响应。 5.从试验中探索新的规律，并对应力分析理论和计算方法进行 校核。
二、Brief introduction of methods in the stress analysis of experiments
1.The machinery measuring method.
of the maximum stress in order to evaluate the safty and reliability of the engineering
structure and to provide the basis of improving working ability for the equipment. 3. Analyze the destroyed or failed member and propose the measures of improvement in order to prevent it from destroying again. 4. Test the magnitude,derection and all kinds of dynamic responses of the external load. 5. Explore the new rule from tests and check the theory of stress analysis and the calculation method.
Leonardo Da Vinci( 14521519).This picture is considered to show the earliest test in Mechanics
of Materials.
The tensile test of an iron wire designed by Leonardo Da Vinci.
Hydraulic verstile testing machine controlled by the computer
2. Other methods：
Since the early 20th century,the developments of electricity,optics acousics and materials science have provided conditions for the productionof other measurement methods of the stress analysis in experiments.Then the resistance-
里奥纳多•达•芬奇(1452—1519)
此图被认为是最早的材力试验
里奥纳多•达•芬奇设计的铁丝受 拉试验
Galileo (1564—1642)
tensile
Fig.14 Sketch of the tensile test
of Galileo
Fig.15 Sketch of the bending test of Galileo
The figure of measuring deformations in the book annotated by Zheng Xuan(127-200)in the east Han dynasty.
Байду номын сангаас
二、实验应力分析方法简介：
1. 机 械 量 测 法
东汉郑玄(127—200)注释的《考工记•弓人》中的测变形图
strain method,ordinary photoelasticity method,hologram photoelasticity
method,sound launching method and so on are made fast developments and wide applications.
伽利略 (1564—1642)
Mushenbluic (1692—1761)
Fig.37 Tensile-test machine of Mushenbluic
Fig.38 Method to clamp two ends of a tensile specimen
穆申布洛依克 (1692—1761)