大学语音学教程Intruduction
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8. The Characteristics of IPA
----based on the Roman letters; ----Each symbol has a consistent value;
----Each phonetic symbol represents one and only one distinctive sound.
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics, the scientific study of speech sounds, which are used by all human languages or a particular language to represent meanings.
Phonetics
What
is Phonetics?
The Contents of Phonetics
Introduction
Part
1 Pronunciation Part 2 Rhythm Part 3 Intonation
Phonology音位学
Linguistics
5.Three component factors of Phonetics
pronunciation，
rhythm, and intonation
6. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) 1) The Reason for IPA being devised: a.Difference between sound and spelling b. Unsuccessful effort to the spelling reform
Phonetics语音学
Lexicology词汇学 Syntax句法学 Grammar语法学 Semantics语义学
(语言学)
Introduction
1.The Elements of a Language
Pronunciation Vocabulary Grammar
2. What is Phonetics?
11.Purpose ----To make ourselves easily understood while expressing -----the better we pronounce and speak English, the easier we understand it when we hear it.
标准音
GA (General American) Generally speaking, AmE includes Eastern American, Southern American and General American(GA). GA is spoken by the majority of the American people. It is widely used in textbooks, radio and TV programmes in the U.S.A..
the context.
12.Method
phonetic theory
Imitation chanting aloud collective reading
English Phonetics
1.What do you know about Phonetics?
2. What do you wish when you begin to learn this subject ? 3. Would you like to speak English like this ? 4. How can you speak English like this ?
To have good English pronunciation means :
1) all the individual speech sounds in English.
2) the speech sounds in their combinations in isolated words as well as in sentences. 3) to speak fluently with correct rhythm, including
10. RP & GA
British Canadian
Englishes American Australian South African New Zealand
标准音
RP (Received Pronunciation)
---- is the type of English pronunciation RP is based on London dialect and generally described and introduced in this book, and a spoken among the educated people in Southern typical British English. England.
3. The Branches of Phonetics
In
the case of oral languages there are three basic areas of study:
--The production
Articulatory phonetics
发音语音学
Acoustic phonetics
9.The Types Fra Baidu bibliotekf IPA IPA has two types of transcription, namely, the Phonemic Broad Transcription and Phonetic Narrow Transcription. 宽式音标
严式音标
B r o a d Tr a n s c r i p t i o n i s a w a y o f transcribing only the sounds that contrast words in meaning without providing any details which are not crucial or significant, is generally called the broad transcription, which is used in most dictionaries.
声学语音学
--The physical transmission
--The reception and perception
Auditory phonetics
听觉语音学
4.Why phonetics is so important? “ Without phonetics there can be no m o rp h o l o g y of a spoken language, without intonation there can be no syntax," as Professor Firth declared.
Phonetic alphabet
7. What is IPA? In 1888, the International Phonetic Association (IPA) devised a phonetic alphabet, called The International Phonetic Alphabet (also IPA in short ), which is a system of phonetic transcription providing an internationally standardised method of recording all the speech sounds of all the languages so far found in the world.
the correct placement of stresses and pauses and the
transition of sounds according to the context.
4) to speak with appropriate intonation according to
(词语形态学) 句法学
Professor A.C. Gimson also noted that “to speak any language a person must know nearly 100% of its phonetics, While only 50-90% of its grammar and 1% of the vocabulary may be sufficient.”
2) The IPA being devised
It is clear that one cannot depend on the spelling of words to describe the sounds of English, or of any other language. A special device was needed.
For further study of the pronunciation of the words of a language, a more detailed phonetic transcription would be used, which is usually called the narrow transcription. This narrow transcription may provide minute differences in producing sounds. For example , “top” is transcribed as / tCp/ by the broad transcription, but as /t h C p/ by the narrow transcription, “h” is added to indicate the aspiration feature of the sound /t/.
8. The Characteristics of IPA
----based on the Roman letters; ----Each symbol has a consistent value;
----Each phonetic symbol represents one and only one distinctive sound.
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics, the scientific study of speech sounds, which are used by all human languages or a particular language to represent meanings.
Phonetics
What
is Phonetics?
The Contents of Phonetics
Introduction
Part
1 Pronunciation Part 2 Rhythm Part 3 Intonation
Phonology音位学
Linguistics
5.Three component factors of Phonetics
pronunciation，
rhythm, and intonation
6. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) 1) The Reason for IPA being devised: a.Difference between sound and spelling b. Unsuccessful effort to the spelling reform
Phonetics语音学
Lexicology词汇学 Syntax句法学 Grammar语法学 Semantics语义学
(语言学)
Introduction
1.The Elements of a Language
Pronunciation Vocabulary Grammar
2. What is Phonetics?
11.Purpose ----To make ourselves easily understood while expressing -----the better we pronounce and speak English, the easier we understand it when we hear it.
标准音
GA (General American) Generally speaking, AmE includes Eastern American, Southern American and General American(GA). GA is spoken by the majority of the American people. It is widely used in textbooks, radio and TV programmes in the U.S.A..
the context.
12.Method
phonetic theory
Imitation chanting aloud collective reading
English Phonetics
1.What do you know about Phonetics?
2. What do you wish when you begin to learn this subject ? 3. Would you like to speak English like this ? 4. How can you speak English like this ?
To have good English pronunciation means :
1) all the individual speech sounds in English.
2) the speech sounds in their combinations in isolated words as well as in sentences. 3) to speak fluently with correct rhythm, including
10. RP & GA
British Canadian
Englishes American Australian South African New Zealand
标准音
RP (Received Pronunciation)
---- is the type of English pronunciation RP is based on London dialect and generally described and introduced in this book, and a spoken among the educated people in Southern typical British English. England.
3. The Branches of Phonetics
In
the case of oral languages there are three basic areas of study:
--The production
Articulatory phonetics
发音语音学
Acoustic phonetics
9.The Types Fra Baidu bibliotekf IPA IPA has two types of transcription, namely, the Phonemic Broad Transcription and Phonetic Narrow Transcription. 宽式音标
严式音标
B r o a d Tr a n s c r i p t i o n i s a w a y o f transcribing only the sounds that contrast words in meaning without providing any details which are not crucial or significant, is generally called the broad transcription, which is used in most dictionaries.
声学语音学
--The physical transmission
--The reception and perception
Auditory phonetics
听觉语音学
4.Why phonetics is so important? “ Without phonetics there can be no m o rp h o l o g y of a spoken language, without intonation there can be no syntax," as Professor Firth declared.
Phonetic alphabet
7. What is IPA? In 1888, the International Phonetic Association (IPA) devised a phonetic alphabet, called The International Phonetic Alphabet (also IPA in short ), which is a system of phonetic transcription providing an internationally standardised method of recording all the speech sounds of all the languages so far found in the world.
the correct placement of stresses and pauses and the
transition of sounds according to the context.
4) to speak with appropriate intonation according to
(词语形态学) 句法学
Professor A.C. Gimson also noted that “to speak any language a person must know nearly 100% of its phonetics, While only 50-90% of its grammar and 1% of the vocabulary may be sufficient.”
2) The IPA being devised
It is clear that one cannot depend on the spelling of words to describe the sounds of English, or of any other language. A special device was needed.
For further study of the pronunciation of the words of a language, a more detailed phonetic transcription would be used, which is usually called the narrow transcription. This narrow transcription may provide minute differences in producing sounds. For example , “top” is transcribed as / tCp/ by the broad transcription, but as /t h C p/ by the narrow transcription, “h” is added to indicate the aspiration feature of the sound /t/.