归化异化视角下的黄山市城市公示语翻译研究

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浅析翻译的归化与异化

“ 异化” ，则是指译者在翻译时故意保留原语文本当中的某些异质（
奈达主张，译文应该尽量使用符合译入语表达规范的言语形
ｆｅｎｎｓ）ｏｉ．ｅｓ以此打破译入语的种种规范。前者倾向于原语文化和原式，寻求与原文最为贴切的对等表达，同时，译文应力求行文自ｒｇ，文作者（Ｌｃｌｒｏｔｏｒｎｄ，者则倾向于译人语文化和然，不露翻译腔。假如原语中的某种说法是译人语中没有的，译者Ｓｔｅｒｕｈｒｉｔ）后ｕｕａｏｅｅ
语言文字
浅析翻译的归化与异化
郭艳萍南京大学在读研究生２０９１０３中国传媒大学南广学院公共英语教学部１０１００３
翻译中的 “ 归化 ”（ｏｓｉａｉｎ）和 “ 化”（ｏｅｇｉａｉｎｄｍｅｔｔｃｏ异ｆｒｉｎｚｔ）ｏ
归化和异化包含了深刻的文化、文学乃至政治的内涵。人们在讨论
（ｏｓｃｔｎ）和 “ 化”（ｏｅｉａｏｄｍｅｔａｉｉｏ异ｆｒｉｚｔｎ）概念的先声。ｎｇｉ “ 化” 、 “ 化”概念虽然是近些年来翻译研究领域出现的归异
“ 非常白”（ｅ，ｅｙｗｉ）ｖｒｖｒｈｔ就行了。再比如我们在公共场合见到ｙｅ “ ｔａｔＷｅＰｉ ”这个公示语，直译过来就是 “ ｎ湿油漆 ” ，虽然也能勉强让人明白它的意思，但是汉语中一般不这么讲，那么，根据奈达
的理论就应该采用 “ 漆未干”这个在功能上更为对等的说法。油
一

从各益化翻译法探究公示语的日文译法——以宁波旅游景点用语为例

语言研究
从各益化翻译法探究公示语的日文译法
——以宁波旅游景点用语为例
谢露狄
宁波大学科学技术学院人文学院日语系
摘要：自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，我国对于中英公示语的翻造成极大的理解困难，“归化”翻译法容易使我国的文化失去特
译已经有了大量的研究，并且有了很大的改善，但在中日公示点，无法更好地用特色吸引国外游客。为减少这样的文化差异
游景点各个角落的各类提示语就是传达信息最直接最有效的方各益化。
式。公示语的引导性说明不仅可以宣传本国文化，而且可以为
四、各益化在公示语中的应用
日本游客提供便利，提高日本游客体验和欣赏中华文化的满意
1、文化特征性信息事物异化
度。由此可见，公示语的引导性在旅游过程中占据了很重要的
异化，就是将具有特色的抽象文化变成客观的信息，“译
二、公示语翻译研究
上収蔵し、その保存室も「千晋斋」と名づけた。何为公示语，百科对“公示语”解释是“给公众在公
在宁波“千晋斋”的这段译文，中文译为“民国时期，甬
众场合看的文字语言，是人们生活中最常见的实用语言，是一上学人马廉藏有晋砖千余枚，言其藏室曰“千晋斋””。
种公开和面对公众的，以达到某种交际目的的特殊文体”，在游
常见公示语为佐证，探讨中日公示语翻译方法。
“归化”“异化”的各益化》中指出各益化翻译法，也称作受益
关键词：公示语；归；异化；各益化
化翻译法，指在各益化观念指导下的翻译方法。各益化，指的
是将翻译形式与内容进行各益化处理，最大限度地实现话语人
一、引言
和话语对象甚至第三方文化利益的翻译方法，可谓文化利益驱
48
语言研究
的公示语更具有人文特色，带有一定的趣味性。

生态翻译学视域下的景区公示语英译问题及解决策略

ENGLISH ON CAMPUS2022年34期总第630期生态翻译学视域下的景区公示语英译问题及解决策略摘　要：景区公示语具有“指示性、提示性、限制性、强制性”等功能。

本文经过收集整理，对景区现行英文公示语的译文错误进行分类；运用功能翻译理论分析公示语英译中的各种类型错误，主要表现为拼写不规范、不合语法、用词不当、生硬翻译等方面；要从根源上解决这些问题，应提高译者的语言修养和文化素质，对译者和译介机构进行统一管理。

进一步改善相关管理部门的管理与监督职能。

关键词：生态翻译学；公示语；翻译；应对策略作者简介：秦晓梅（1972.01-），女，甘肃酒泉人，酒泉职业技术学院，副教授，研究方向：高职英语教育教学。

景区公示语翻译是外国游客与旅游景区产生联系的最重要方式之一，其翻译品质的优劣直接关系到该地区国际性旅游经济、旅游业发展的健康发展和中国文化的对外传播。

因而，应注重景区公示语翻译的标准化，使之变成经济发展和沟通交流服务项目的“个人名片”和“对话框”。

一、生态翻译学的含义生物学与翻译学相结合，根据生物学角度对翻译社会实践层面进行了综合性思考，具备学科交叉特性，思想体系比较健全，涵盖面广，为翻译界带来了新的研究视角。

胡庚申教授2001年在香港浸会大学的翻译学专题讲座上首次提出生态翻译学的概念。

生态翻译学里的翻译，既强调了“翻译生态环境”，也强调了“译者融入选择”，将翻译主题活动列入了更宽阔的世界。

简而言之，生态环境保护不仅仅是语言环境，并且涵盖了交际、社会发展等各个领域的原语世界和译语世界。

后面一种认为译者在翻译情况下，关心语言表达维度、文化维度、交际维度中间的多维度选择性融入和适应能力选择。

仅有在保证原语和译文翻译语言表达中间平衡的同时，关心译文翻译的情境效用和交际用意的完成，才可以造成高质量的翻译。

二、公示语的含义公示语是一种较为与众不同的文本，是社会发展术语的重要组成部分，在日常生活中运用十分普遍。

西方修辞学视角下的公示语英译研究

西方修辞学视角下的公示语英译研究作者：鲍梦娜蔡进宝来源：《旅游纵览·行业版》2019年第04期公示语英译的主要目的是对外国游客提供信息、指引方向和进行警示等，让城市和景区更具感召力、影响力和美誉力，进而推动旅游业的国际化发展。

本文通过实地考察和走访等方式，以大量收集的赣南主要旅游景区和公共场所的英文公示语为研究文本，总结分析了公示语中存在的错译、拼写错误、书写不规范、译名不统一、语法错误和中式英语等6方面的问题，并从西方修辞学中的诉诸理性、诉诸情感、诉诸人格3个方面提出了完善公示语翻译的策略。

引言党的十八大后，为实现旅游业质的提升，全域旅游应运而生，其强调“旅游供给品质化”，注重提高旅游服务的品质和满意度。

根据国家文化和旅游部发布的《2018年上半年旅游经济主要数据报告》（简称《报告》），外国人入境旅游人数和入境过夜旅游人数均超4.0%，国外游客在华旅游花费增速领先，增长4.6%。

优质的公示语英译不仅能够提升旅游供给的品质，而且符合全域旅游时代的潮流。

本文考察了赣州市旅游景区和公共场所的公示语英译现状，对其中的英译错误进行总结归纳，并在西方修辞学的劝说模式和认同理念的指导下对公示语英译策略进行分析。

一、赣州主要景区和公共场所公示语调查赣州，拥有丰富的旅游资源，发展高品质的全域旅游对推动赣南经济和社会发展具有重要作用。

赣州主要景区和公共场所的公示语英译的现实状况不容乐观、乱象频出。

为充分了解赣州市的公示语英译现状，笔者走访了赣州市的著名景点和公共场所，并对公示语进行实地考察和记录。

笔者共收集到266条公示语，主要来自于5A级瑞金共和国摇篮景区、4A级通天岩景区、4A级南武当旅游风景区、全国重点文物保护单位关西新围、赣州博物馆和瑞金中央革命根据地历史博物馆，以及酒店、机场和火车站等。

出现英译错误的公示语高达80条，错误比例如图1所示。

笔者将其分为六大类。

（1）错译。

错译在于译者未能用英语正确合理地表达原文的意思。

（英语毕业论文）汉英习语翻译中文化因素的处理（开题报告+论文+文献综述）

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Speech（开题报告+论文+文献综述）86、(英语毕业论文)浅析《我们共同的朋友》中的象征手法（开题报告+论文+文献综述）87、(英语毕业论文)论《愤怒的葡萄》中的生态批评思想（开题报告+论文）88、(英语毕业论文)英语演讲语篇中的parallelism及其汉译策略—以奥巴马就职演说稿为例（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）89、(英语毕业论文)英语基本味觉词“甜/苦”的隐喻机制（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）90、(英语毕业论文)从语境视角看英译汉字幕翻译——以《梅林传奇》为例（开题报告+论文）91、(英语毕业论文)大学英语课堂教学中师生互动的重要性（开题报告+论文+文献综述）92、(英语毕业论文)从归化和异化理论分析英语影视剧字幕翻译策略——以《绯闻女孩》为例( )93、(英语毕业论文)浅析爱伦·坡小说《黑猫》的写作艺术手法（开题报告+论文+文献综述）94、(英语毕业论文)The Use of Body Language in Teaching95、(英语毕业论文)从E.B.怀特与秦文君的儿童文学作品看中西方价值观之比较（开题报告+论文）96、(英语毕业论文)概念隐喻在英语汽车广告中的应用97、(英语毕业论文)文化语境维度下中餐菜名的英译研究（开题报告+论文）98、(英语毕业论文)目的论在英语儿歌翻译中的应用（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）99、(英语毕业论文)On Critical Realism in Oliver Twist（开题报告+论文+文献综述）100、(英语毕业论文)A Study of Nonverbal Communication101、(英语毕业论文)从文化角度谈动物习语的翻译102、(英语毕业论文)析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿•考尔菲德的性格特征（开题报告+论文+文献综述）103、(英语毕业论文)对公共演讲课堂中大学生课堂表现的心理分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）104、(英语毕业论文)约翰逊词典编纂特色探析(开题报告+论文)105、(英语毕业论文)The Archetype of the Ugly Duckling in The Secret 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126、(英语毕业论文)文化负载词的翻译127、(英语毕业论文)对《草叶集》两个汉译本的比较研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述）128、(英语毕业论文)论《阿甘正传》中的美国梦129、(英语毕业论文)《愤怒的葡萄》主人公性格分析130、(英语毕业论文)论奥斯卡•王尔德的唯美主义131、(英语毕业论文)A Cross-Cultural Study on Linguistic Taboo132、(英语毕业论文)试析海明威《丧钟为谁而鸣》中的人物形象（开题报告+论文）133、(英语毕业论文)Which Woman is More Popular in Modern Society：A Comparative Study of Tess and Jane（开题报告+论文+文献综述）134、(英语毕业论文)从关联理论的角度看英语广告中隐喻的翻译135、(英语毕业论文)中西节日习俗之比较136、(英语毕业论文)Development, Analysis and Prospect of Chinglish137、(英语毕业论文)英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵对比研究138、(英语毕业论文)The Influence of Bob Dylan and His Works on American Social 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Heights（开题报告+论文+文献综述）152、(英语毕业论文)高中生英语学习动机的研究与培养——以天河中学学生为例153、(英语毕业论文)论《追风筝的人》中父子关系的心理剖析（开题报告+论文）154、(英语毕业论文)汉英交替传译中的语篇衔接分析(开题报告+论文)155、(英语毕业论文)从《百舌鸟之死》探析美国种族冲突156、(英语毕业论文)中美个人理财规划的对比分析（开题报告+论文）157、(英语毕业论文)机器翻译回顾－－案例分析谷歌158、(英语毕业论文)论中美两国的现代中年女性观念之差——以美剧《欲望都市》为例（开题报告+论文）159、(英语毕业论文)从《热爱生命》看杰克•伦敦的生命观160、(英语毕业论文)浅析《傲慢与偏见》中女性人物的认知局限（开题报告+论文）161、(英语毕业论文)《老人与海》中的存在主义分析（开题报告+论文）162、(英语毕业论文)诸神形象折射中西方价值观不同（开题报告+论文+文献综述）163、(英语毕业论文)从生态女性主义视角解读《野草在歌唱》中的女性角色（开题报告+论文）164、(英语毕业论文)An Application of Schema Theory in Interpreting165、(英语毕业论文)英语谚语重复修辞格的翻译166、(英语毕业论文)小学英语学习策略及研究167、(英语毕业论文)民族文化差异与广告语言创意（开题报告+论文+文献综述）168、(英语毕业论文)从翻译美学角度谈化妆品商标词的翻译169、(英语毕业论文)基本数字词在中西文化中的差异与翻译（开题报告+论文）170、(英语毕业论文)美国俚语中所折射出的美国亚文化现象（开题报告+论文+文献综述）171、(英语毕业论文)浅析《恋爱中的女人》中劳伦斯的爱情观172、(英语毕业论文)Oscar Wilde’s Aestheticism on The Picture of Dorian 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Novel183、(英语毕业论文)以名词动用为例分析英语词汇学习中的隐喻184、(英语毕业论文)英汉谚语中“爱”的情感隐喻对比研究（开题报告+论）185、(英语毕业论文)科技英语语篇中被动语态语篇功能的分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）186、(英语毕业论文)从中西文化差异看英汉数字翻译（开题报告+论文）187、(英语毕业论文)《纯真年代》中艾伦•奥伦斯卡和梅•韦兰的人物命运分析(开题报告+论文)188、(英语毕业论文)《爱玛》中女性主义的双重复写——论个人意识与阶级意识的冲突189、(英语毕业论文)归化和异化在政治文本英译里的运用:以十七大报告翻译为例190、(英语毕业论文)浅析《我们共同的朋友》中的象征手法（开题报告+论文+文献综述）191、(英语毕业论文)童话世界里的诗意与纯美—赏析奥斯卡王尔德的《夜莺与玫瑰》(开题报告+论文)192、(英语毕业论文)从《肖申克的救赎》看美国的个人英雄主义（开题报告+论文）193、(英语毕业论文)译前准备对交替传译效果的影响（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）194、(英语毕业论文)解读托尼•莫瑞森《最蓝的眼睛》中的成长主题（开题报告+论文）195、(英语毕业论文)任务型教学模式在初中英语课堂教学中的现状分析－－以xx学校初一学生为例（开题报告+论文）196、(英语毕业论文)《大衣》中定语从句的翻译策略（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）197、(英语毕业论文)从《没有国家的人》看一个无政府主义者对人性的呼唤（开题报告+论文+文献综述）198、(英语毕业论文)模糊限制语的语用功能及在广告中的应用（开题报告+论文+文献综述）199、(英语毕业论文)学习动机对大学生英语学习的影响（开题报告+论文+文献综述）200、(英语毕业论文)A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Gratitude Expressions（开题报告+论文+文献综述）。

公示语翻译出现问题的原因及解决对策-应用语言学论文-语言学论文

公示语翻译出现问题的原因及解决对策-应用语言学论文-语言学论文——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印——一、武汉市公示语翻译存在的普遍问题公共标志在日常生活中起着至关重要的作用，任何模棱两可的翻译都有可能造成误解，因此，公共标志应该尽可能标准化和规范化，不仅能为外国人提供帮助也能促进良好城市形象的打造。

武汉作为我国中部崛起的主导力量，必须更加重视公共标志语的翻译。

但是，在武汉，存在着大量公示语翻译不佳的现象。

在调研过程中，我发现了以下几类错误。

1.拼写错误。

湖北省博物馆中的消防专用品被译为了Fireemgencyspecialitems。

乍一看，公众可能会忽略其错误，若仔细看，则会发现单词紧急的拼写错误，正确拼写应为emergency。

该单词在日常生活中会被经常使用，此错误显然会对湖北省博物馆的形象造成不良影响。

2.语法错误。

Nosmoking指请勿吸烟，此标识为外国人接受并在日常生活中广泛使用。

但是，在武汉市植物园内，请勿吸烟被翻译成了Dontsmoking，please。

武汉某大学的图书馆内有以下标志语：pleasesetmobilephonetosilent。

显然，译者未能分清to和silent的词性，两者并不能一起搭配使用。

其准确翻译应该是Pleasesetyourmobilephonemute。

3.中式英语。

在一家超市，小心夹手被翻译成Bewareofyourhand，而Watchyourhands可能会更恰当一些。

来也匆匆，去也匆匆常被译成Comeinhurry，Goinhurry，违反了高保真规则，不仅可能导致混乱，也会闹出笑话。

所以，正确的翻译是Flushafteruse。

然而，类似的公共标识如禁止乱刻乱画禁止在公园内随地大小便收费厕所及严禁赌博等明显具有中国本土特色的公示语实际无必要进行英译。

若译成英文，外国朋友会感到滑稽可笑，反而影响了中国的形象，所以选择不译。

城市公示语英译的问题与翻译策略探究——以桂林市公示语为例

ＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔＴｈｅＥｎｇｌｉｓｈｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｕｂｌｉｃｓｉｇｎｓｉｓｆｏｇｒｅａｔｈｅｌｐ
域请勿攀爬（Ｙｏｕｈａｖｅｔｏｅｎｔｅｒｔｈｅｍｏｎｉｔｏｒａｒｅａ，ｐｌｅａｓｅｄｏｎ ’ ｔｃｌｉｍｂ．） ” ，其英译与原意完全相反，让人看后更加不解其用
提升有很大的帮助，然而桂林作为著名的国际旅游城市，目前其公示语英译仍存在一定的问题，主要有拼写错误、语法错误、用词不当、机械翻译等，本文针对以上问题提出了相应的翻译对策，以期促进桂林公示语翻译进一步规范。关键词桂林公示语英译问题翻译策略
思Ｏ
ｔｏｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｔｈｅｐｕｂｌｉｃｉｔｙｏｖｅｒａｃｉｔｙａｎｄｅｎｈａｎｃｅｉｔｓｉｍａｇｅ．Ｇｕｉｌｉｎｉｓａｗｅｌｌ — ｋｎｏｗｎｔｏｕｒｉｓｔｃｉｔｙａｒｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｗｏｄｄ．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｅｒｅｓｔｉｌｌ
英汉两种语言最明显的差异表现在：汉语重意合而英语重形合。英语句子需遵循严格的语法，因此在汉译英中语法问题频频出现。如公示语 “ 警告（ｗａｒｎｉｎｇ）您已进入监控区
ＥｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＴｈｅｉｒＴｒａｎｓｌａｉｏｔｎＳｔｒａｔｅｇｉｅｓ：ＴａｋｉｎｇＰｕｂｌｉｃＳｉｇｓｎｉｎＧｕｉｌｉｎａｓＥｘａｍｐｌｅｓ｜｜ＺｏｕＸｉａｏｌｅｉ

公示语外宣翻译中的文化因素分析

公示语外宣翻译中的文化因素分析摘要：公示语是一种给公众看的公共用语，是人们生活中常见的实用语言。

文化，存在于人们的生活当中，和人们息息相关，文化的不同，也会影响到公示语的翻译，在翻译公示语的过程中，要注意不同文化因素对公示语翻译所产生的影响。

本文通过对文化和翻译的介绍，结合公示语的语言特征，分析五种文化因素下对公示语翻译产生的影响，并且提出用归化和异化的翻译方法来处理文化因素对公示语翻译的影响，从而得出最精准的译文。

关键词：公示语文化因素外宣翻译公示语是语言的一种，语言又是文化的一部分，因此，公示语外宣翻译不仅是一种语言的翻译，更是一种文化的翻译，在翻译公示语的同时，我们要注意文化的影响，不同文化之间的语言存在着差异，思维方式、语言的表达方式也是不相同的。

面对这些差异性和影响性，我们或者同化，或者异化，视不同情况而定，选择最正确的方法来翻译出最精准的译文是每个译者必须做到的事情。

每个国家有自己独特的文化，迥然不同的自然、社会条件使人们在思维习惯和表达方式上自然不同。

西方民族惯用抽象性、由一到多的分析型思维方式，句子常以主语和谓语为核心，统摄多个短语和从句，由主到次，但形散而意合。

而东方民族的综合思维方式，使得中国人注重整体和谐，强调“从多到一”的思维方法，句子结构上以动词为中心，以时间顺序为逻辑顺序，横向铺叙，层层推进，归纳总结，形成“流水型”的句式结构。

汉语公示语中，有关“禁止……”之类的命令式祈使句随处可见。

这种表达法的特点是凝练简洁、醒目易懂。

从汉民族的思维习惯出发，作为社会指令信息，我们也不觉得有什么不妥。

然而，一旦将它们译为英语，我们则需要考虑是否具有对等的接受程度。

根据英语国家的语用原则，得体性往往间接、含蓄，过于直露的、强加性的禁止用语不受欢迎。

正因为如此，我们经常看到被动句式、无人称主语句式和名词短语在英语告示语中大量应用。

在翻译公示语的过程中，我们不仅要遵从原文，还要注意一些习惯表达，汉语公示语汉语公示语大量使用“禁止喧哗”、“禁止入内”等命令式祈使句。

从言语行为理论看公示语汉英翻译

顾客止步ＳｔａｆｆＯｎｌｙ残障人士专用ＤｉｓａｂｌｅｄＯｎｌｙＣ．“ 请勿”ｖｓ“ Ｄｏｎｏｔ＋Ｖｅｒｂ ”／“ Ｎｏ＋Ｎｏｕｎ／Ｇｅｍｎｄｓ ”ｓｌｒｄｃ￣ｅ请勿疲劳驾驶ＤｏＮｏｔＤｒｉｖｅＷｈｅｎＴｉｒｅｄ请勿卧躺ＰｌｅａｓｅＤｏＮｏｔＬｉｅＤｏｗｎ（３）省略翻译。比如中英在宣传类和公益类公示语的表达方式和修辞手法就有着差异。汉语公示语经常利用修辞手法或比较有感染力的话语来表达言外之意，以期收到更好的言后之果，而英语公示语往往言简意赅，少了些修辞手法，使人能够准确而快速地理解公示语的言外之意，达到
。
同样的育后之果。比如， “ 一花一草皆生命，一叶一枝总关情”，“ 小草微微笑，请你旁边绕 ” ， “ 绿草如茵，足下留情”，这些汉语公示语，就是利用修辞手法来感染人们使人们爱护花草，而其对应的英语翻译则言简意赅，为 “ Ｋｅｅｐ
在文化背景知识方面许多旅游景点中的公示语翻译就需要考虑中西方人的不同文化背景知识利用归化和异化翻译使汉语公示语的字面意义和语用意义正确地传递给西方游客使国外游客做出和中国游客一样的反应
２０１５年第Ｏ２期
青年时代
ＹＯＵＴＨＴＩＭＥＳ
・高等教育・பைடு நூலகம்
策略，以期更好地提高我国的公示语翻译水平和质量。关键词：言语行为理论；公示语；公示语翻译原则及策略

语言经济学视域下的公示语翻译——以安徽省公示语为例

摘要:结合美国信息经济学家马尔萨克(Jacob Marschak )提出的语言经济学理论,通过考察安徽省内主要城市的公示语现状,论述了在语言经济学视域下公示语翻译的原则:以目的语为导向,注重译文读者的接受性;考虑中英文化差异,注重语气和情感;注重译文语言的简洁流畅,遵循公示语翻译的规范性、标准性和沿袭性,力求进一步完善公示语双语翻译。

关键词:语言经济学;公示语翻译;翻译原则中图分类号:H315.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-8534(2019)02-0036-03作者简介:白雪(1987-),女,安徽新华学院助教。

随着“一带一路”倡议的逐步推进,打造内陆开放高地是国家新一轮对外开放的重大战略部署,拥有着承东启西、连接南北区位优势的安徽省,正迎来前所未有的机遇。

近来,安徽省政府正加大力度进行硬件设施建设,公示语也随处可见,然而公示语翻译却存在诸多问题,这不仅传递了错误信息,不利于外国友人的生活和工作,而且也给安徽省的形象带来了及其负面的结果。

纵观公示语研究相关文献,学者们从生态翻译学、翻译伦理学、翻译原则和策略、文本类型理论、跨文化交际、互文性和美学理论等角度进行了不同程度的研究,但从语言经济学角度研究公示语还很少见。

因此,本文作者采用纸笔记录的方式,考察了安徽省内主要城市的公示语现状,拟从语言经济学视角,探讨安徽省公示语研究中存在的问题,并尝试提出解决方案。

一、公示语的内涵和应用范围公示语,即公示给公众且具有简练、浓缩特点的语句,包括指示、警示和标示等。

公示语是一种特殊的应用文体,是社会公共用语的重要组成部分,它可以通过相关的文字及图形信息向公众发出告示、指示、提示和警示等标志,与人们的生活、生产和生态环境休戚相关,拥有强大的社会功能。

在社会公共场所中,吕和发(2005)曾指出,公示语的应用范围包括:公共设施方面如地铁、机场、加油站等;公共交通方面如终点站、出租车站、游船码头、票务中心、高速公路、交通工具等;旅游景点如博物院、名胜、古迹、公园等;旅游服务方面如旅游信息咨询、旅游紧急救援、翻译服务等;街道区县方面如胡同、大街、社区、居民小区等;涉外机构方面如出入境管理、外交使团等;公共机构如消费者协会、红十字会等。

论归化和异化与武汉旅游景点公示语翻译

论归化和异化与武汉旅游景点公示语翻译归化和异化是文化中重要的两个概念，归化是指把外来的文化纳入本
地文化，但不破坏本地文化的特色；异化的原意是把事物带入一个陌生的
环境，把它植根于新土壤，使到它既具有本身的文化特色，又有新环境给
它注入的文化特色，是跨文化中最重要的文化交流机制。

武汉旅游景点公示语通常是要求游客们文明旅游的，可以用归化和异
化的原理来翻译，比如把“游客应遵循文明旅游行为”这个原句进行归化
翻译成“请注意在武汉旅游，做到文明出行、文明游玩”，使得原句的文
明精神、本地文化特色一致；可以把“禁止乱扔垃圾”这个原句通过异化
的原理翻译成“为了提升武汉旅游景点整体环境，请勿随地乱扔垃圾”，
在作出禁止提醒的同时，也向游客传达了关爱自然、绿色旅游的文化精神。

从归化与异化的角度论景点名称的英译的开题报告

从归化与异化的角度论景点名称的英译的开题报告
题目：从归化与异化的角度论景点名称的英译
摘要：
景点名称的英译是翻译领域的重要分支，涉及到语言、文化以及旅
游业等领域。

本文将从归化与异化的角度探讨景点名称的英译问题。

具
体包括以下几个方面内容：
1. 归化与异化的概念及研究现状
归化与异化是翻译领域的两个重要观念。

归化是指将源语言中的词
汇翻译成目标语言中的语言风格，使翻译作品更容易被理解和接受。

异
化则是指在翻译过程中，保留原有语言的风格，不对源语言进行过多改动，尽可能地保持原汁原味的风格。

2. 景点名称的英译中归化与异化的运用
景点名称通常与地理、历史和文化等相关联，是一个国家或地区的
文化符号。

在进行景点名称翻译时，应根据受众的文化背景、语言能力
以及翻译场景等因素，灵活运用归化和异化，以达到翻译效果的最佳化。

3. 景点名称的英译中的翻译策略
景点名称翻译中包括音译、意译和组合译等翻译策略。

这些策略的
选择与归化与异化的运用密切相关，需要根据源语言和目标语言的文化
差异和语言风格特点进行合理选择和运用，以确保翻译效果的准确和贴切。

4. 景点名称的英译中的挑战与解决
景点名称涉及地理、历史和文化等多方面的知识，因此在进行景点
名称翻译时可能会面临一些挑战。

这些挑战可能来自于语言难度、文化
差异和翻译传达等方面。

针对这些挑战，需要采用相应的解决策略，如
语言转换、文化调整和使用注释等方式进行处理。

关键词：归化；异化；景点名称；英译；翻译策略。

安徽省旅游景区公示语的翻译策略

安徽省旅游景区公示语的翻译策略作者：戴歆来源：《文教资料》2020年第12期摘; ; 要：景区公示语是公示语的一个子范畴，作用旨在告知、指示、警示游客，使游客在获取信息的同时了解当地的文化特色，从而获得更深层次的旅游体验，重要性是不言而喻的。

经过走访和调查，发现安徽省景区公示语的英译在词法、句法、语用、文化差异等方面存在的问题，这几方面翻译的失误降低了外国游客的体验值，难以体现景区服务水平，阻碍景区国际化发展需求。

本文从安徽主要旅游景点的景区公示语的英译问题入手，发现并剖析翻译问题，并提出两大翻译策略：归化和异化，对安徽省景区公示语英译有一定的帮助和启示。

关键词：景区公示语; ; 翻译策略; ; 安徽省旅游公示语又名标识语，是应用于社会公共场合的一种特殊语言现象，同时是一种文化形象。

因此，翻译好公示语的同时要了解目的语国家公示语的语言习惯和文化特征的差异。

景区公示语属于公示语的子范畴，作用旨在指示、告知、警示游客，让游客获得基本的旅游信息和服务，同时对旅游当地的文化传统有所了解，获得独具特色的旅游体验，增加旅游的趣味性和文化内涵。

随着我国对外经济的不断发展和“一带一路”倡议，我国城市逐渐体现出国际化发展趋势，越来越多的外国人来中国进行经济贸易的交流，与此同时有很多外国友人来国内各大景点旅游。

景区公示语不仅为外国游客提供便利，帮助他们获取服务和了解当地旅游文化，而且有助于景区提升城市的国际化形象，是当地旅游的一张响当当的名片。

一、安徽旅游资源和发展现状安徽因历史上有古皖国和境内的皖山、皖河而简称“皖”。

安徽省地理位置独特，地跨淮河和长江南北，自然资源和人文景观丰富。

在地域文化上呈现出具有代表性的徽文化、江淮文化和中原文化。

据统计，截至2019年年底，安徽省内有十一家5A级景区，三十一个红色旅游景区。

2019年接待了三百九十万人次的入境过夜游客，八点二亿人次的国内游客，全年旅游总收入达八千五百亿元。

从归化和异化的角度谈公示语的翻译

摘要近年来，随着我国对外交流的不断增多，来华外国友人日益增多。

为此各大城市不断推动城市的国际化进程，中英文双语的公示语随处可见，英语公示语不仅为游客提供信息，也是反映国家形象的一个重要窗口。

但令人遗憾的是，部分公示语翻译中存在不少问题，所以有必要加强研究公示语的翻译。

公示语是一种特殊的应用文体。

近年来，我国公示语翻译研究发展迅速，越来越多的研究者对其进行了多方面的探讨。

本文从归化和异化的角度入手，研究公示语的翻译。

本文根据归化异化翻译理论，分别提出归化策略下适用于公示语翻译的四种具体翻译方法，异化策略下适用于公示语翻译的四种具体翻译方法，并对各类现行典型性的公示语翻译现象进行详细分析，分析其存在的问题，并提出一些可行性建议，期望为以后的公示语翻译提供一些思路。

关键词公示语翻译; 归化; 异化AbstractRecently, along with China’s increasing exchange and cooperation with foreign countries, more and more foreigners visit, work even live in China. In consequence, major cities promote the process of internationalization constantly, and lots of public signs have been translated into English. Proper translations of public signs is very important for foreigners, because foreigners can get necessary information form the translations and the quality of the translations of public signs often reflect the city’internationalization level. In order to realize the functions of public signs, translators should give priority to cultural differences between source language and target language. Moreover, in the translation of public signs, translators could borrow some fixed expressions from the target language and adopt translation strategies that conform to the target language readers’ mode of thinking to achieve the goals. But, regrettably, there are various kinds of problems in the current translations of public signs. Therefore, more attention is supposed to be paid to the research of translations of public signs.Public signs is a special style, which is playing an increasingly important role in the development of cities. In recent decades, the translation of public signs has developed rapidly, because more and more scholars have studied the translations of public signs from differentperspectives and they have made great achievements. Their achievements provide reference for this paper. It is notable that this paper studies the translation of public signs from Chinese to English from the perspectives of foreignization and domestication. According to the theories of foreignization and domestication, this paper puts forward eight kinds of methods of the translation of public signs from Chinese to English, and makes detailed analyses of the current translation of public signs with various kinds of examples and explanations, then sorting out and classifying the problems in them. At last, some suggestions are put forward. And it would be a great honour that what this paper has studied is helpful to the development of the translation of public signs.Keys words: translations of public signs; foreignization;domesticationAcknowledgementsMy idea for the thesis sprang from the enlightenment of Mrs.Lee, my tutor, to whom I owed great gratitude and appreciation. She gives me invaluable instruction and encouragement. Moreover, I am deeply grateful to those teachers who gave much help these two years. I benefit a lot from sparkling ideas in their lectures. My indebtedness also goes to my parents, who as the supporters of my life and studies, try hard to keep me strong physically and intellectually. Finally, I would like to offer my sincere thanks to those who spend their precious time in reading this thesis.ContentsAbstract (In Chinese) (i)Abstract (In English) ................................................................................................ i i Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. i v Introduction . (1)1. Public signs (1)1．1 Definition of public signs (2)1．2 Classification of public signs (2)1．3 Characteristics of public signs (2)2. A brief introduction to foreignization and domestication and often employed translation strategies (3)2．1 Foreignization (4)2．2 Domestication (5)2．3 Often employed translation strategies of public signs (6)2．3．1 Four translation strategies of using foreignization (6)2．3．2 Four translation strategies of using domestication (7)3. Employment of the foreignization and domestication in translating public signs from Chinese to English (8)3．1 Employment of domestication among the current accepted translation of public signs from Chinese to English (9)3．2 Employment of foreignization among the current acceptedtranslation of public signs from Chinese to English (10)4．Error analysis and some suggestions (10)4．1 Several typical mistakes in the translation of public signs (11)4．2 Some suggestions for reducing the errors in the translation of public signs (12)Conclusion (13)Works Cited (14)On Translation of Public Signs from the Perspectives of Foreignization andDomesticationIntroductionWith the accelerating of global economy and exchanges of China, translation of public signs from Chinese to English gets more and more attention, and an increasing number of translators are devoting themselves into this field. Nowadays, it is generally accepted that the quality of the translation of public signs is of great importance for increasing a city's taste and improving its image. Improper translations of public signs will cause people's misunderstanding, which is of great disadvantage for the cultural construction and development of a city. Moreover, it will also bring negative influence on the construction of language standardization or even results in international negative influence. Therefore, "Translation of public signs is the concrete embodiment of a country's level in foreign exchange and its construction of humanized environment."(Huang Youyi 2005: 31)As far as the translators are concerned, translation of public signs involves not only translation skills but also the understanding of foreign culture. What's more, translators should have a keen sense of responsibility and improve their qualities to avoid the unnecessary mistakes. This paper first presents the definition, classification, characteristics of public signs, and gives a brief study of translation strategies including foreignization and domestication and some often employed translation methods, followed by analyses of current translations of public signs, with the hope of putting forward some feasible suggestions of the public signs.1. Public signsPublic signs is a kind of special style, which usually refer to the public bulletins, instructions, and warning notices. Public signs are most widely used in public facilities, public institution, zone name, scenic spots, important military police, manufacturing base and so on.1．1 Definition of public signsThe so-called public signs refer to the language used in public places. Public signs are used extensively in many fields, including business promotion, signs of public facilities, administrative division, transportation, shopping, sightseeing, organization names etc.1．2 Classification of public signsClassifying public signs facilitates us to find out the universality of the same kind of public signs, and to grasp the universal law of writing and translation of public signs. Public signs can be classified in many ways, this paper tend to classify public signs according to their functions into four categories: indicating public signs; prompting public signs; restricting public signs and compelling public signs，because this four functions cover the majority of public signs.1．3 Characteristics of public signsPublic signs are supposed to have the characteristics of simplicity, conventionality, and purpose for the function of giving a sign to public. The words of language used for public signs should be concise, accurate, normative, practical, and courteous. Extensive use of content words, key words, phrases and abbreviations, words and logo combination constitutes a unique language style of public signs. Public signs generally use the terms commonly used to avoid the use of uncommon words, such as the old saying, and slang.First, simplicity means that both words and sentences must be concise, and strive to obtain the best practical effect of making people understand the most accurate anddirect information in the shortest time through the most concise form. For instance, 单行道One Way, 外币兑换Foreign Exchange, 施工现场，严禁入内Construction Site Keep Out. In addition，abbreviation is often used in public signs for example 贵宾会员VIP, 停车场P, 餐饮F＆B and so on..Second, by conventionality, the author means the rules required in the course of public signs translation, that is to say, some public signs’ translations should adhere to a set of conventions and can not be changed at will, or will cause ambiguity. For instance 中山路Zhongshan Road, 禁止转弯No Turn, 结算Check Out etc. All of these expressions are concise and conform to the convention in full compliance with the Anglo-American language habits.Third, purpose here means that the information conveyed by public signs should be understood by people and encourages them to act on these ideas. English public signs should meet the social, behavioral, and psychological need of foreigners. If an English public can accurately give a sign to foreign friends, it can be called a good English public sign. For instance 右侧行驶Keep Right, 禁止停车No Parking, and so on.2. A brief introduction to foreignization and domestication and often employed translation strategiesDomestication designates the type of translation in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers; while foreignization means a target text is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the foreignness of the original. In the contemporary international translation field, Eugene Nida is regarded as the representative of those who favor domesticating translation, whereas the Italian scholar Lawrence Venuti is regarded as the spokesman for those who favor foreignizing translation. Domestication and foreignization, however, are concerned with the two cultures, the former meaning replacing the source culture with the targetculture and the latter preserving the differences of the source culture. Only when there are differences in both linguistic presentation and cultural connotation, domestication and foreignization exist.2.1 ForeignizationIt is the Italian scholar Lawrence Venuti who can be regarded as the spokesman for those who favor foreignizing translation. Venuti’s foreignizing strategy is put forward in the “aggressive monolingual” cultural background such as the Anglo-American culture. As a staunch advocate of foreignization, Venuti believes there is violence residing in the very purpose and activity of domestication. He holds that the phenomenon of domestication involves an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to Anglo-American target language cultural values. This entails translating in a transparent, fluent, invisible style in order to minimize the foreignness of the TT (Jeremy 2001:146). Venuti proposes the strategy of “resistant translation”( i.e. foreignization) against the tradition of “smooth translation”. He argues that foreignization entails choosing a foreign text and developing a translation method along lines which are excluded by dominant cultural values in the target language (Venuti 1997: 242).Foreignization produces something that cannot be confused with either the source-language text or a text written originally in the target language. Venuti (1995: 20) considers the foreinizing method to be ‘an ethnodeviant pressure on [target-language culture] values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad’. It is ‘highly desirable’, he says, in an effort to ‘restrain the ethnocentric violence of translation. In other words, the foreignizing method can restrain the violently domesticating cultural values of the English-language world (Jeremy 2001:147). In summary, foreignization advocated by Venuti and his followers is a non-fluent or estranging translation style designed to make visible the presence of the translator by highlighting the foreign identity of the ST and protecting it from the ideological dominance of the target culture.2．2 DomesticationIn the contemporary international translation field, the person who has initiated the controversy between domestication and foreignization is Eugene Nida, whom is regarded as the representative of those who favor domesticating translation. Nida differentiates between two types of equivalences: formal and dynamic (or functional) as basic translation orientations. Formal equivalence focuses attention on the message itself, in both form and content. It is a means of providing some insight into the lexical, grammatical or structural form of a source text, which is similar to literal translation. Functional equivalence, however, is based on the principle of equivalent effect, i.e. the relationship between receiver and message should aim at being the same as that between the original receivers and the SL message. In language, Culture and Translating, a minimal definition of functional equivalence is stated as “the readers of a translated text should be able to comprehend it to the point that they can conceive of how the original readers of the text must have understood and appreciated it”. The maximal, ideal definition is stated as “the readers of a translated text should be able to understand and appreciate it in essentially the same manner as the original re aders did”. (Nida 1995: 118)In fact Nida’s functional equivalence is based on and is used to guide the translation of Bible. His translation work, splendid though it is, comes out of a specific purpose: the translation of a Christian text with the goal of converting non-Christians to a different spiritual viewpoint. In order to entail a good understanding and operative function for the receptors of the target language, the message in the Bible with the meaning in Latin “do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing” can be rendered in English as “do it in such a way that even your closest friend will not know about it”. Nida points out that this translation first avoids the possible misunderstanding by the receptors and thus makes clear the tangible reference to present-day circumstances of life. This practice may be acceptable in translating Bible, but in handling cultural factors in texts other than Biblical one, functional equivalence is inadequate and isleading.2．3 Often employed translation strategies of public signsTranslation strategies of foreignization and domestication refer to the translation strategies selected by translators depending on the cultural position of translators. The so-called translation strategy of domestication means that translation should adhere to the target language ,abide by the cultural language traditions of the target language readers, return to the authentic target language expression, requiring the translator using the target language readers’accustomed expression to convey the contents of the original, and the translation should try to adapt, to take care of the target language and cultural factors for the readers’ sak e to eliminate linguistic and cultural barriers. On the contrary, the so-called translation strategy of foreignization means that translators should adopt and pay more attention to cultural factors in source language and the original author’s wording.2．3．1 Four translation strategies of using foreignization Foreignization means to accept foreign culture, and its main purpose is to try to preserve the cultural characteristics of source language and let readers know exoticism. There are several methods of the translation of public signs as following.(1) Literal translationLiteral translation means to try to keep the meaning of vocabulary, sentence structure, and the tone of translation consistent with the source language. For example, “打破铁饭碗” is translated into “to break the iron ricebowl”. “铁饭碗” is an idiom in Chinese. “饭碗” is a metaphor of making a living in Chinese. And “铁” refers to a stable work.. There is no doubt that using the method of literal translation to translate such words of obvious Chinese characteristics is not only beneficial to retain the image of source language but also to introduce China’s unique culture. Moreover, such words as “the year of dragon龙年, “Confucianism 儒家, “Three Represents三个代表” have gradually been accepted by foreigners.(2) TransliterationTransliteration is a method that can not be ignored in the course of translation ofpublic signs. Not only must the translation of the proper terms (names and places etc.) be a transliteration, but also the translation of many words that can not find the exact corresponding word in the source language. Such as “logic” has been translated into “逻辑”. In one word, transliteration is a practical method to absorb foreign words.(3) AmplificationIt is inevitable to add some words in the course of translation from one language to another language because of the disparity between the languages. For simplicity or conventionality, it is quite normal to omit some words in Chinese, so translators have to add some words in order to translate accurately. For instance, “发展才是硬道理”, here “发展”can not be translated into “development”simply, but to translate as “Economic growth is most important”.(4) Not to translateIn fact, some public signs need not to be translated into English. Because some western slogan public signs are designed to call people up to act, while the counterparts in China are designed to inform people of the information. Westerners often feel uncomfortable when see this kind of slogan public signs in China, because they feel that someone are ordering them to do something. Moreover, some public signs are limited in the public life of Chinese people, for instance “只生一个好”, “军车免费”, “禁止在公园内大小便” and so on.2．3．2 Four translation strategies of using domestication Domestication try to regard language as a tool of communication and make translation read like a mother tongue to minimize the cultural differences, which is a reader-centered translation. There are several methods of the translation of public signs as following.(1) Free translationThe so-called free translation refers to a translation method of only retain the contents but not the form of the original work during the translation. For instance, the slogan of China International Travel Service “在家靠自己，出门靠国旅”has been translated into “At ho me you are your own boss. In China your Aladdin’s Lamp isCITS”. This translation takes cultural differences into full consideration.(2) “borrow” from foreign public signsThere are many public signs in English-speaking countries, some of them can be used directly in China. For example, “请勿触摸Hands off”, “小心地滑Wet floor”, “不收门票Admission is f ree”, “专用车位Authorized personnel only”, “数量有限,售完为止Subject to availability”, “老弱病残专座handicapped”.(3) RewritingChinese tend to be magnificent while English straightforward and simple. In the translation of public signs we should sometimes adopt the method of rewriting. For instance, “鼓山风景区，美化靠大家”are supposed to be translated into “Environmental protection starts from you and me”. “走近世界地质公园．感受中国灵秀泰宁” is translated into “Welcome to Taining World Geopark”.(4) OmissionMany of public signs in Chinese are concise slogan. If they are translated literally, the simplicity of the slogan will be undermined. In order to keep the simplicity of slogan, some contents that is not necessary for foreigners to know can be omitted. For example, “永葆先进性,建设新农村”can be translated into “Working together towards a New Socialist Countryside”.3. Employment of the foreignization and domestication intranslating public signs from Chinese to English Domestication and foreignization are not incompatible, but should complement with each other. They are just two different strategies of translation, we should not bring them to extremes: domestication does not mean translators can make adaptations at will, while foreignization does not equal word-for-word translation or static translation. What we should do is to draw a balance between the two sides, choosing one does not negate the application of another. Even if the translator takes domestication as the dominating strategy in order for the translation to be easily understood by the receivers, he/she can also reserve the original images concerningspecific culturally loaded expressions; on the other hand, even if the translation is to preserve the exoticism to import foreign cultures into the target language, changes must be made on certain points which appear quite unnatural or even unaccepted by the target readers and language.3．1 Employment of domestication among the current accepted translation of public signs from Chinese to EnglishThe author puts forward several following examples complete with explanations to facilitate the readers to have a general understanding of employment of domestication in translating public signs from Chinese to English.Example 1"欢迎再来！Welcome again!""欢迎再次乘坐12路公交Welcome to ride Line 12 again!""欢迎收听我的新闻Welcome to listen to my news".The Chinese word "欢迎" is often used in restaurants, hotels, public service places. We often follow Chinese habits of expression, then finding out the according English phrase “welcome to”to translate “欢迎”. There are no grammatical errors in the above translation, even no expression errors, but they are not correct expressions in English. The above public signs can be translated as following:“欢迎再来! Please come again!”“欢迎再次乘坐13路公交车! Thank you for riding Line 13 and we would be pleased to welcome you back aboard at any time!”“欢迎收听我的新闻Thanks for tuning in”Example 2“有困难，找警察If you have trouble, ask for the policeman”Almost every city has this public sign, and most of them are translated literally, failing to meet the English expression habit. So we can translate it as following:“有困难, 找警察In case of trouble, call the police”Example 3“开车前五分钟停止检票check in stops 5 minutes before train departure”This is a public sign in railway station. At the first glance there is no grammatical mistake in the translation. But when the phrase “check in”function as a noun ,it should be written as “chick-in”; Moreover “chick-in”is only used in airport but not in railway under normal circumstances. So we can translate it as following:“开车前五分钟停止检票Gates close 5minutes before departure”.When we translate Chinese public signs into English, we are supposed to use the strategy of domestication, and adhere to the language tradition of English readers. Translators are supposed to convey the contents of public signs in the way in which English-readers are accustomed to and make them have according action.3．2 Employment of foreignization among the current accepted translation of public signs from Chinese to EnglishWhen translating the public signs that contain the vocabulary of Chinese characteristics, translators can use the strategy of foreignization. And there are some successful precedents, for example, “柔道Judo”.When there are unique things of Chinese chracteristics in the public signs, they can be translated into Hanyu Pinyin, maximing the reserves of the characteristics of traditional Chinese culture and national language style. For example, jiaozi(饺子), kungfu(功夫)，yin＆yang(阴阳)，kowtow(叩头)，qipao(旗袍)，mantou(馒头) can be used for cultural exchange in the form of Hanyu Pinyin. Introducing the oriental culture to the world through translation will be a meaningful work.If a translator uses the strategy of foreignization, that is to say, convey the contents of Chinsee public signs in "Chinese way", he or she should take foreigner's feeling into consideration to ensure that the public signs can function well and there is no misunderstanding to foreigners.4．Error analysis and some suggestionsProper translations of public signs is very important for foreigners, because foreigners can get necessary information form the translations and the quality of the translations of public signs often reflect the city’ internationalization level. However, it is a pity to find that there are various kinds of mistakes in the current translations of public signs. This chapter collects a large number of current translations of public signs and finds out the problems in them, then sorting them out. These problems are classified into four categories according to this paper. Last but not least, this paper attempts to put forward some feasible suggestions to improve the translation of public signs.4．1 Several typical mistakes in the translation of public signsThis paper aims to summarize the common errors in translation of public signs. The translation of public signs of the common errors can be divided into the following four categories.(1) spelling mistakesThis is the most common type of error. As long as people who has some basic knowledge of English are careful enough, this kind of mistake can be avoided. However, this kind of error is everywhere. For example, “Domestic Arrivas (Arrival) 国内到达（某国际机场）”, “Purking (Parking) Lot 停车场（成都蓝色加勒比广场）”, “General Snrgery (Surgery) （某大学校医院）”.(2) grammatical mistakesThis type of error is largely due to translator capacity, often resulting in translations that do not meet the English habits, and are even unintelligible. For example, in some tourism attractions, “请勿游泳”and “请勿戏水”are translated into “Don’t Swimming”and “Don’t Playing in the Water". Obviously, they are not correct. “No Swimming”and“Don’t Play in the Water”are more proper translations.(3) verbal errorsA misnomer is also very common in the translation of public signs. This kind oferror may not only bring foreigners the obstacle to understanding the public signs, even worse, it may cause their misunderstanding. For example, “某地民族公园” has been translated into “Racist Park”. Racist is often related to racial discrimination, so “National Park”is a more proper translation. “药房”sometimes is translated into “medicine store”, which is not proper. And it can be translated into “pharmacy”.(4) cultural understandingsLanguage is not only a tool of communication, but also a carrier of culture. According to culture background, Chinese tend to be implied and tactful, and do not want to say or do something directly, so such kind of public signs as “请勿吸烟”, “请主动为老弱病残让座”is everywhere. While westerners tend to be straightforward and strict in public signs, such words of “don’t”, “must”frequently appear in their public signs. For example, translating the public sign of “爱护花木”into “Don’t pick flowers” is more proper than “Please cherish flowers and trees”. 4．2 Some suggestions for reducing the errors in the translation of public signsThose mistakes in the translation of public signs not only bring inconvenience to foreigners, but also affect China’s international image negatively. Therefore, how to improve the translation of public signs from Chinese to English has become an urgent and serious issue. Some suggestions are made in this paper.First, translations of public signs are vital to improve the overall quality of the city and to change the image of city. Relevant authorities are supposed to set up a special working group responsible for setting standards to make translations of public signs standardized and have rules to follow. Moreover the popularity of translations of public signs requires the active participation of the general public.Second, strengthening the supervision of Public Signs publication is helpful to decrease the number of mistakes in the translation of public signs. Public signs should be translated by experts according to relevant national standards to prevent the errors in the translation of public signs. In addition, the manufacturing staff of public signs。

从“归化”和“异化”看旅游景点公示语的英译

从“归化”和“异化”看旅游景点公示语的英译
郭艳涛
【期刊名称】《河南科技学院学报（社会科学版）》
【年(卷),期】2012(000)007
【摘要】随着我国改革开放、成功举办奥运会及上海世博会,我国的旅游业发展迅猛,越来越多的外国游客到中国参观旅游,景区英语标识语显得尤为重要,但各个景区标识语的英译却存在着诸多问题.为了促进旅游景点公示语翻译的规范化,文章以洛阳市各大景区内公示语的英译问题为例,运用“归化”和“异化”的翻译理论对其进行分析,并提出了修改建议.
【总页数】4页(P63-66)
【作者】郭艳涛
【作者单位】洛阳理工学院外语系,河南洛阳 471000
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H315.9
【相关文献】
1.论归化和异化与武汉旅游景点公示语翻译 [J], 蓝婕;许菊
2.归化异化策略下的旅游公示语英译——从河南三大世界文化遗产谈起 [J], 左广艳
3.归化与异化指导下的内蒙古赤峰博物馆公示语英译 [J], 孙丽超
4.基于“归化”和“异化”视角下旅游景点公示语的翻译 [J], 陈依灵
5.“异化”、“归化”与旅游景点翻译规范化策略——从广州白云山风景区公示语英译说起 [J], 杨国民
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归化异化策略下的旅游公示语英译——从河南三大世界文化遗产谈起

归化异化策略下的旅游公示语英译——从河南三大世界文化遗产谈起左广艳【摘要】旅游公示语的英译涉及到文化的传播和服务外国游客的目的.现在对旅游公示语的研究主要集中从生态翻译角度、功能目的论角度等解析公示语英译中遇到的问题及解决办法.结合河南三大世界文化遗产的公示语,讨论归化异化在公示语的英译中的作用,及对规范旅游景区的公示语提出可行的建议.【期刊名称】《湖南工程学院学报（社会科学版）》【年(卷),期】2015(025)002【总页数】4页(P71-74)【关键词】旅游公示语;归化;异化【作者】左广艳【作者单位】郑州成功财经学院外语系,河南郑州451200【正文语种】中文【中图分类】H315.9公示语，也称标识语，在我们生活中应用广泛,是公共场所为了方便公众而出示的语言，具有指示性、提示性、限制性、强制性的功能。

[1]在国内外，公示语是一个国际大都市的形象工程，公示语语言的纯正关系到这个城市的人文环境，更关系到旅游城市的服务质量。

而在外国友人出现较多的旅游景点，公示语英译存在一些翻译拼写错误、用词错误、翻译不规范、翻译不地道等众多问题。

笔者打算从归化异化角度探讨河南三大世界文化遗产中出现的公示语翻译问题。

归化异化的翻译策略最早是由德国哲学家斯莱尔马赫在《论翻译的方法》中提到翻译的两种取向：一种是让作者不动，引导读者去接近作者，另一种让读者不动，引导作者去接近读者。

[2]美国翻译理论学家劳伦斯韦努蒂在《译者的隐形》中首次提出了归化和异化两种策略。

归化法(domestication translation)就是要求译者向译入语读者靠拢，采取译入语读者习惯的表达方式，来传达原文内容。

[3]异化法(Foreignization translation)则指在翻译时译者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者使用的原语表达方式，来传达原文内容。

异化翻译反映了原语文化的特点，保留了原语文化的民族特色，体现了民族文化的差异性。

河南三大世界文化遗产包括洛阳龙门石窟、安阳殷墟和少林寺“天地之中”建筑群。

从叙事角度浅析公示语英译

从叙事角度浅析公示语英译
冯颖
【期刊名称】《海外英语（下）》
【年(卷),期】2018(000)003
【摘要】公示语翻译过程中存在不少难题,许多公示语语气生硬粗鲁,译者也很难照本宣科的翻译.文章拟从Mona Baker的叙事理论角度探究中文公示语语气不当出现的深层原因,并提出相应的具体翻译对策,以从根源上解决这个翻译难题,并分析公示语翻译如何重建了传统公示语叙事.
【总页数】3页(P127-128,131)
【作者】冯颖
【作者单位】首都师范大学,外国语学院,北京100037
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H315
【相关文献】
1.浅析旅游景区公示语英译错误及翻译策略——以长春市伪满皇宫公示语英译为例[J], 张颖
2.浅析旅游景区公示语英译问题——以鄂州市旅游景区公示语英译为例 [J], 孟一帆;李鹏志
3.浅析芥川龙之介《地狱变》的叙事角度 [J], 嵇煜吟
4.从叙事角度浅析公示语英译 [J], 冯颖
5.从叙事角度浅析昆汀·塔伦蒂诺电影的后现代性 [J], 李超
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。