第十一节 主谓一致

第十一节主谓一致

★知识讲练

在英语中,所谓“主谓一致”,主要指主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”上的一致,其基本原则有三条:

一、语法一致,即主语与谓语在形式上的一致

1、be动词的用法：我用am, 你用are, is用于他、她、它，我们，你们和他们都是are, 单数用is, 复数用are.

2、each以及由some-, any-, no-, every等构成的不定代词及either, neither 作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。

3、不定式(短语)、v-ing形式(短语)、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

4、some /all /half/ most/ the rest / two thirds/a lot/ %等(+of+名词或代词)作主语时,应根据它们所代替的事物来确定谓语动词的单复数。如果代替的是复数名词,则谓语动词用复数;如果代替的是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。

5、 ...pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词常与pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等保持一致。

6、某些只有复数形式的名词（如：clothes, trousers, shorts. glasses, shoes , pants等）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

7、one+of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

8、none / neither / either+of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。

9、a number of+名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;the number of+名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

互动演练

1. I _____from China, he ______from China too. We _____ both Chinese. (be)

2. Somebody ______(want) to see you, sir.

Each boy and each girl ______ (be) given a new book.

Everyone ______ (be) ready for the sports meeting.

3. To tell a lie _______(be) not right.

Eating a balanced diet ______ (be) important for us.

What you said ______ (be) very strange.

1.The rest of the money _______(have)been given to the poor.

2.Two thirds of the students in our class _______ (be) boys.

Most of the computers _________(be) bought from Shanghai.

5. This kind of apples_______ (taste) sweet.

These kinds of apples ______ (be) produced in Shandong Province.

A pair of glasses _______(be) lying on the table.

6. Glasses _________ (be) important for me.

7. One of the doors _______(be) broken.

8. I ordered ten books last month, but none of the books_________(have) arrived up to now.

None of them ____ (want) an MP

9. The number of students in our school _____(be) 1000, and a number of them _____(be) girls.

二、意义一致,即主语与谓语在意义上的一致。

1、由and连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数;但如果表示的是一种事物或一种概念,则谓语动词用单数。

2、family, team, group等集体名词作主语时,如果指整体,谓语动词用单数;如果指其中的成员,谓语动词用复数。

3、people, police, cattle等集体名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。

4、表示金钱、时间、距离等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。如:

5、算式中加法和乘法可用单数或复数，但减法和除法只能用单数。

6、one and a half的后面接复数名词作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。

互动演练

1. The teacher and writer _______ (come)to give us a talk once a week. The teacher and the writer _______ (come)to give us a talk once a week. Fish and chips ________ (be) a popular supper.

2. My family _______ (be)a small one with three people.

Our group ________(like) playing football.

The football team ______(be)training on the playground.

3. The police_______ (be) helping a girl look for her mother.

4. One hundred yuan ______(be)not a small amount to him.

Three years______ (be) a long time.

5. Ten minus five ______(be)five.

Three times three ______(be)nine.

6. One and a half bananas ____ (be) a good meal for the monkey.

三、就近原则,即谓语动词的形式与邻近的主语一致。

1、由not only……but（also）…… ,either……or……,neither……nor……, not……but……或or连接两个并列主语时。

2、there be结构

注意主语后有with, along with, as well as ,but等词或短语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单复数决定（就远原则）