“with + 复合宾语”结构归纳

“with+ 复合宾语”结构归纳

“with＋复合宾语”是高中教学的难点，也是高考的考点，在句中可作时间状语、条件状语、方式状语、原因状语、伴随情况等。为了帮助同学们掌握其特点，将其用法归纳如下：

1.with＋名词＋形容词：

如：Before he came here, my father used to sleep with his eyes open.我父亲来这儿之前，常常睁着眼睛睡觉。（注意：with不能用while来替换。）（表示伴随情况）

2.with＋名词＋副词：常用的副词是：in, on, over, out等。

如：He was standing there with nothing on.他一丝不挂地站在那里。（表示伴随情况。）

We went home with our work over.我们工作做完就回家了。（表示时间。）

3.with＋名词＋介词短语：

如：The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand.= The teacher came into the classroom, book in hand.老师手里拿着本书走进了教室。（表示伴随情况。）

The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.士兵让他背向着父亲站着。（表示行为方式。）

4.with＋名词＋过去分词：

如：He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他站了一刹那，他的手仍然举着。（raised与with的宾语hand有逻辑上的动宾关系。）

I will have to buy a new one with my glasses broken.（broken与with 的宾语glasses有逻辑上的动宾关系。）

5.with＋名词＋现在分词：

如：The English class ended with all singing an English song.英语课以全体合唱一首英语歌而结束。（singing与with的宾语all有逻辑上的主谓关系。）

6.with＋名词＋不定式：

如：With something important to talk about with you, you must stay here.由于有很重要的事情和你商量，你必须留下。（表示原因。）

还要特别注意的是“with＋复合宾语”结构与独立主格有着密切联系，在表示条件、时间和原因时，两者可相互转换。例如：“My wife did not go to work yesterday with my father being ill.”可转换成“My father being ill, my wife did not go to work yesterday.我的妻子昨天没去上班，因为我父亲有病了。“She coming, please let me know.”可转换成“Please let me know with her coming.如果他来了，请通知我一声。