一轮复习定语从句

高三一轮复习语法-----定语从句

Ⅰ.定语从句的基本知识：

1.定义：在句中起__________的作用、修饰句子中的_______或______的从句。

其作用相当于形容词，所以也叫___________________.

2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

先行词在从句中充当_____、______、_______、______、_____.

3.关系词：

引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有________和_________。

关系代词有______, ______, ______, ______, _____, ______等；

关系副词有_______,_______, ______等。

关系词常有3个作用：

①连接作用，引导定语从句。

②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。

③在定语从句中充当句子成分。

3.分类：定语从句分为_________________和____________________.

Ⅱ. 分析下列定语从句，指出其先行词，关系词及其所充当的句子成分。

1. She is a girl whom people like at first sight. _________________________________

2. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. __________________

3. Tom did well in his exam, which was a big surprise. ___________________________

4. The reason why I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies. _______________________

5. This is the factory in which he works. _______________________________________

定语从句考点归纳：

考点清单一：关系代词与关系副词的使用区别：

1. I still remember the day _______ I first came to Beijing. 在句中做_______ 语

2. I still remember the day ______ I spent in Beijing. 在句中做_______ 语

3. This is the house _______ I lived 2 years ago. 在句中做_______ 语

4. This is the house _______ I bought 2 years ago. 在句中做_______ 语

5. The reason______ he was late is that his car broke down. 在句中做_______ 语

6. The reason______ he gave us is not reasonable. 在句中做_______ 语

考点清单二：先行词是物时，关系代词that与which的区分

⊙不定序数最高级，有人有物有疑问词，only, very, right来修饰，还有作表语是特例。Eg. Who is the boy that was here just now? China isn’t the country that it used to be. ⊙Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ______ made all the others upset.

A. who

B. which

C. what

D. that

Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _______ she spoke fluently.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. that

请总结出用which不用that的情况: ____________________________________________

考点清单三：定语从句中介词的正确使用：

1. Gun control is a subject ______ Americans have argued for a long time. (09, 陕西)

A. of which

B. with which

C. about which

D. into which

2. It is reported that two schools, both ___________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (07, 四川)

3. The man ___________ I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.

思考：介词与哪些关系代词连用？

你知道定语从句中介词的选用取决于什么？

考点清单四：关于whose

The old temple _______ was damaged in a storm is now under repair. (Which one is wrong?) A. the roof of which B. of which the roof C. whose roof D. which the roof

强调：whose +n.= ___________________________/______________________________

考点清单五：关系代词as

1. as与which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。

He married her，as(which) was natural. 很自然地，他和她结婚了。

(2009年高考山东卷)Whenever I met her，which was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile. 不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我，这是常事儿。

2．但在下列情况下一般只能用as。

(1) as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which则不能。

As we know，more than 70% of the earth is covered with water.

(2) as表示“正如，正像”，“同样的”而which无此意。

此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，point out，plan，suggest等单词或短语。

1. He came back home late，as we expected. 正如我们所料，他回家晚了。

2. To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.

3. The war did harm to the country’s people, as did its economy.

(3)当先行词被the same，such，so，as修饰时，定语从句需用as引导。

These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.

这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as作宾语)

This is such an easy question as I can answer.

这是一个我能回答的简单问题。(定语从句)

This is such an easy question that I can answer it.