高考英语二轮语法巩固-《定语从句》专题讲练(含答案)

高考英语二轮语法巩固-《定语从句》专题讲练

【正误比对】

误区之一关系代词that与which的误用

(1)【误】All the books which were borrowed from the library must be returned on time.

【正】All the books that were borrowed from the library must be returned on time. [分析] which改为that。当定语从句的先行词被all, some, any, no, few等修饰时,关系代词用that。句意:所有从图书馆借出的书必须按时归还。

(2)【误】He lives in the room, the window of that faces the south.

【正】He lives in the room, the window of which faces the south.

[分析] that 改为which。在“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句中,指物时,关系代词用which不用that;指人时,关系代词用whom不用which。表示所有格关系时,一律用whose,the window of which相当于whose window。

(3)【误】Dinner starts with a small dish, that is often called a starter.

【正】Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter.

[分析] that 改为which。在非限制性定语从句中,用which而不用that。

误区之二关系代词与关系副词的误用

(1)【误】I still remember the days when I spent with farmers in the countryside. 【正】I still remember the days (that/which) I spent with farmers in the countryside. [分析] when改为that/which。先行词是the days,从句动词spent缺少宾语,故用关系代词that/which引导定语从句并作从句宾语。

(2)【误】The big house which the workers used to live is now a teaching building. 【正】The big house where/in which the workers used to live is now a teaching building.

[分析] which前加in或改为where。先行词是the big house,从句结构完整,故用关系副词where引导定语从句并作从句状语,相当于in which。工人住过的大房子现在是一座教学楼。

误区之三关系代词与普通代词的误用

(1)【误】You can also make more Chinese friends, they will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.

【正】You can also make more Chinese friends, who will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.

【正】You can also make more Chinese friends, and they will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.

[分析] they改为who或they前加and。分析句式结构可知,此处是一个定语从句,从句缺少主语,故用who引导定语从句,指代more Chinese friends。who will tell you 相当于and they will tell you。

(2)【误】They were deeply moved, most of them were with tears in their eyes. 【正】They were deeply moved, most of whom were with tears in their eyes. 【正】They were deeply moved, and most of them were with tears in their eyes. 【正】They were deeply moved, most of them with tears in their eyes.

[分析] them改为whom或most前加and或去掉第二个were。分析句式可知,此处是“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句,先行词指人,故用whom引导定语从句。此句还可以改为并列句或独立主格形式。

误区之四关系代词与替代词的重复误用

【误】I am writing to make a complaint that the mobile phone which I bought it from your company has a problem.

【正】I am writing to make a complaint that the mobile phone which I bought from your company has a problem.

[分析] 去掉it。先行词是the mobile phone, which在从句中作宾语,故it多余。句意:我写信投诉我在你们公司买的手机有个问题。

误区之五定语从句中主谓不一致的误用

(1)【误】Anyone who have questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon.