谓语翻译

• 西式快餐是一种适用于独自进食者的食品， 独自进食者是快餐店的目标顾客。 • Western fast foods are most suitable for lone eaters while lone eaters are the target customers of fast food restaurants.
巷之中，鸡鸭成群，顽童嬉戏。
• Taking a closer look, one will see chimney smoke curling up from the cottages at the foot of the hill, children frolicking on the threshing grounds or in the streams amid flocks of fowls. • 2) 不以物喜，不以己悲。 • Natural beauty was not enough to make them happy, nor their own situation to make them sad.
• 中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。(p.136)
• A. The Central Government has refrained from intervening in the affairs of the HKSAR. • B. The Central Government has never intervened in the affairs of the HKSAR.
4. 用系表结构
• 过去，只讲在社会主义条件下发展生产力， 没有讲还要通过改革解放生产力，不完全。 • In the past, we only stressed expansion of the productive forces under socialism without mentioning the need to liberate them through reform. That conception was incomplete.
谓语翻译具体操作
• 1.主语确定之后，顺着主语往下译。 • 2.先确定动词,再选择适当的句子结构； • 3.汉语原文如果有几个动词，应该选择一个作谓 语；其他用非谓语或介词短语； • 4.如果汉语是形容词、名词等作谓语，译文谓语 可以用系表结构； • 5.如果汉语主语不明显，可以用英语被动态。
1.主语确定之后，顺着主语往下译
Practice
• 1）一个王朝之所以覆灭向来是全面衰败的 结果，决非单独事件所造成的。(专八题) • 2）迄今为止，教育工作还没有找到比考试 更有效、更可靠的方法。 • 3) 无限风光在险峰. • 4) 汪太太早有计划，要把范小姐做（媒） 给赵辛楣，刘小姐做（媒）给方鸿渐。 （钱钟书《围城》）
• 1）一个王朝之所以覆灭向来是全面衰败的结果， 决非单独事件所造成的。 • The downfall of an imperial dynasty always resulted from its overall decline instead of being caused by a single incident. • 2）迄今为止，教育工作还没有找到比考试更有 效、更可靠的方法。 • So far, there has been no way which is more effective and reliable than exams in education.
楣，刘小姐做给方鸿渐。
• Mrs. Wang had already been planning to match Miss Fan with Zhao Xinmei and Miss Liu with Fang Hongjian.
3. 选择适当的词作谓语； 其他用非谓语动词、介词、名词甚至不译
• 实事求是地说，1）解决中国人的吃饭问题，任 务艰巨，困难不少， 2）但潜力很大，前景广阔。
• 我认为想说真话而不能说准的总比睁眼说 假话的好。 • It is my opinion that an unintentional untruth is after all better than a deliberate lie.
• 中西部地区大开发，是党中央面向新世纪 所做的重大决策。 • The large-scale development of the central and western regions of the country is a major policy decision made by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for the century.
• 3) 无限风光在险峰.
• A) On perilous peaks dwells beauty in her infinite variety. • B) The risky peak presents a boundless splendid view. • C) The view from perilous peak is sublime and grand. • 4）汪太太早有计划，要把范小姐做给赵辛
• 中国民族多数是性情中正、和平、朴实，比西方 人容易满足。 • 1. Chinese people are almost characterized by moderation, peacefulness, plainness, and are easier to get satisfied than westerners. • 2. The dispositions of most Chinese people are unbiased, peaceful, unworldly and guileless, and they are easier to be satisfied than Westerners. • 3. In comparison with Westerners, the Chinese people, easier to be satisfied , are mostly unbiased, peaceful, unworldly and guileless.
• 3）要想把它搬上邮票并博得观众欢心,确非 易事.为此,吕胜中八次易稿,终于为大家奉献 出一只形象可爱的小老鼠.(Ex. p.155) • However, Lu Shengzhong succeeded in bringing out two stamps with lovely pictures of mice after having amended his designs eight times.
2.确定恰当动词,再考虑相应结构
• 我的脑子里充满了忧患. • I am preoccupied with pressing challenges.
• 满原都传诵着白鹿村白秉德的佳话好名。 • Old Bingde’s good reputation is on everyone’s lips and the whole White Deer Plain is well-aware of it.
• 孩子们正在外面晒太阳。
• * The children are basking the sun outside. • The children are basking in the sun outside. • The children are enjoying themselves outside in the sun.
• 最为常见的是，一个人在路上走着走 着，忽然停下来盯着手机屏幕发短信. • We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone.
Translate the underlined part
• 1）再细看，山下农家，炊烟袅袅，谷场水 巷之中，鸡鸭成群，顽童嬉戏。 • 2）不以物喜，不以己悲。 • 3）要想把它搬上邮票并博得观众欢心,确非 易事.为此,吕胜中八次易稿,终于为大家奉献 出一只形象可爱的小老鼠.
• 1）再细看，山下农家，炊烟袅袅，谷场水
• 但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是 否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。 • But the depth of a novel and its excellence in artistic quality and ideological content can never be judged by the significance or “insignificance” of the theme.
Truly speaking, China has had great difficulties in solving her problem with food provision. But she also has great potential and prospects for having her people well fed.
• 我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快. • I can stay by myself for a long time without feeling disconsolate in the least.
• 1）这事到了现在，还是时时记起。（p.137） • A. Even now, this remains fresh in my memory. • B. Even now, I still often think about it. 2）（颐和园）1900年遭八国联军破坏。 • A. The palace was reduced to ruins by the allied forces of the eight foreign powers. • B. The palace suffered ravage in the hands of the allied forces of the eight foreign powers.
试译
• 1）男人用眼睛看女人，女人用心灵看男人。 • 2）英雄造时势，时势造英雄。
• 男人用眼睛看女人，女人用心灵看男人。 • A man sizes up a woman with his eyes while a woman with her mind. • 英雄造时势，时势造英雄。 • Heroes create the times, the times produce their heroes.
谓语翻译探讨
Contents
• • • • 谓语翻译主要策略 汉英句子差异举例 谓语翻译具体操作 选择题
翻译主要策略（陈、李2004）
• 1，谓语的确定应该基于表意的需要 • 2，谓语的确定应该基于构句的需要
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 汉英句子差异举例
• 汉语
• • • • 这锅饭能吃10个人。 * This pot of rice can eat 10 people. A pot of rice like this can feed 10 people. This pot of rice is sufficient / enough for 10 people.
• 科技兴农在中国发展粮食生产方面存 在着巨大的潜力。 • The application of science and technology to agriculture points to huge potential in the development of agriculture in China.