英语翻译减词法
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Omission 减词法、省译法
A
1
A COURSE OF TRANSLATION
[ENTER]
A
2
试译以下句子:
1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
2. There was no snow, the leaves were gone
from the trees, the grass was dead.
3.汉语很多时候需要靠加词来说明，而英
语则更多靠一个词的内在含义。
财政赤字 → （financial） deficit
广大群众 → （broAad） masses
7
省译法/减译法
1、主语的省译 2、宾语的省译 3、定语的省译 4、连接词的省译 5、冠词的省译 6、介词的省译 7、其他
If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
I don’t like soft drinks. 我不爱喝饮料。
A
5
所谓省译法,是指不译出原文中的某些词, 因为译文中虽无其词已有其义或在译文中 是不言而喻的。这省略一般是出于译文语 法和习惯表达法的需要 。但是省译决不是 删去原文的某些思想内容。
garden gate. 她关上园门时，已是暮色苍茫。
A
10
二、“It”作形式主语或强调句的“It” ， 要省译。
It is not so easy to get iron from its ore. 从铁矿石中提炼铁不是那么容易的。
It’s no use quarrelling now.
强调句可译成 “ （正/就）是… ”
5. He put his hands into his pockets and then
shrugged his shoulders.
他双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩。
6. You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a
house if you don’t know how to make a
3
1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了。春天还会远吗？
2. There was no snow, the leaves were gone
from the trees, the grass was dead.
天未下雪，但叶落草枯。
3. We should gradually eliminate the
5. He put his hands into his pockets and then
shrugged his shoulders.
6. You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a
house if you don’t know how to make a
design or how to reAad it.
design or how to read it.
不会制图或看不懂图纸，就不可能造船、架桥或
盖房子。
A
4
省译法/减译法是增译法的反面。
就同一个译例来说, 英译汉如果用增译法, 汉译英则应用省译法， 反之亦然。
The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。
A
8
主语的省译
一般来说，句子的主语是要译出来的。 但有时为了使译文前后句子意思紧凑或 者为了使译文前后句子主语能清楚表达 出来，就要省译主语。
After they had entered the school, they went into the library.
他们入校后，就走进了图书馆。
A
6
1.汉语中没有冠词，代词（尤其是人称代
词、关系代词）、连词、介词用得也远
比英语少。因此，英译汉时，减译自然
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
就必不可少了。
2.汉语里无主语的句子相当多,而英语则
不同,句子一般都需要有主语。
I was very glad to have received your
letter.
非常高兴收到你的来信。
It is the U.S. that is distorting and
perverting the “Geneva spirit”. 在歪曲颠倒“日内瓦精神” 正是美国。
It was the blue car that passed over the
bridge.
A
11
三、“It”一般用法是指人以外的事物， 但作主语指人时，要省译。
differences between town and country.
我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。
4. Applicants who have worked at a job will
receive preference over those who have not
求职者中，有工作经验者将优先录用。
3. We should gradually eliminate the
differences between town and country.
4. Applicants who have worked at a job will
receive preference over those who have not.
John left for London as soon as he
received the letter from his mother.
约翰一收到母亲的信就立即启程前往伦
敦。
A
9
一、“It”做主语表时间、距离、自然现象， 通常省译。例：
What time is it? It is half past four. It is a long way from here to the zoo. It’s a bit warm today, isn’t it? 今天有点暖和，是吗？ It was just growing dark, as she shut the
如：---Who is it? ---It’s me. ---是谁呀？---是我。
---Is it Mr. Wang? ---No, it is Dr. Green. ---是王先生吗？ ---不，是格林大夫。
A
1
A COURSE OF TRANSLATION
[ENTER]
A
2
试译以下句子:
1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
2. There was no snow, the leaves were gone
from the trees, the grass was dead.
3.汉语很多时候需要靠加词来说明，而英
语则更多靠一个词的内在含义。
财政赤字 → （financial） deficit
广大群众 → （broAad） masses
7
省译法/减译法
1、主语的省译 2、宾语的省译 3、定语的省译 4、连接词的省译 5、冠词的省译 6、介词的省译 7、其他
If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
I don’t like soft drinks. 我不爱喝饮料。
A
5
所谓省译法,是指不译出原文中的某些词, 因为译文中虽无其词已有其义或在译文中 是不言而喻的。这省略一般是出于译文语 法和习惯表达法的需要 。但是省译决不是 删去原文的某些思想内容。
garden gate. 她关上园门时，已是暮色苍茫。
A
10
二、“It”作形式主语或强调句的“It” ， 要省译。
It is not so easy to get iron from its ore. 从铁矿石中提炼铁不是那么容易的。
It’s no use quarrelling now.
强调句可译成 “ （正/就）是… ”
5. He put his hands into his pockets and then
shrugged his shoulders.
他双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩。
6. You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a
house if you don’t know how to make a
3
1. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
冬天来了。春天还会远吗？
2. There was no snow, the leaves were gone
from the trees, the grass was dead.
天未下雪，但叶落草枯。
3. We should gradually eliminate the
5. He put his hands into his pockets and then
shrugged his shoulders.
6. You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a
house if you don’t know how to make a
design or how to reAad it.
design or how to read it.
不会制图或看不懂图纸，就不可能造船、架桥或
盖房子。
A
4
省译法/减译法是增译法的反面。
就同一个译例来说, 英译汉如果用增译法, 汉译英则应用省译法， 反之亦然。
The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。
A
8
主语的省译
一般来说，句子的主语是要译出来的。 但有时为了使译文前后句子意思紧凑或 者为了使译文前后句子主语能清楚表达 出来，就要省译主语。
After they had entered the school, they went into the library.
他们入校后，就走进了图书馆。
A
6
1.汉语中没有冠词，代词（尤其是人称代
词、关系代词）、连词、介词用得也远
比英语少。因此，英译汉时，减译自然
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
就必不可少了。
2.汉语里无主语的句子相当多,而英语则
不同,句子一般都需要有主语。
I was very glad to have received your
letter.
非常高兴收到你的来信。
It is the U.S. that is distorting and
perverting the “Geneva spirit”. 在歪曲颠倒“日内瓦精神” 正是美国。
It was the blue car that passed over the
bridge.
A
11
三、“It”一般用法是指人以外的事物， 但作主语指人时，要省译。
differences between town and country.
我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。
4. Applicants who have worked at a job will
receive preference over those who have not
求职者中，有工作经验者将优先录用。
3. We should gradually eliminate the
differences between town and country.
4. Applicants who have worked at a job will
receive preference over those who have not.
John left for London as soon as he
received the letter from his mother.
约翰一收到母亲的信就立即启程前往伦
敦。
A
9
一、“It”做主语表时间、距离、自然现象， 通常省译。例：
What time is it? It is half past four. It is a long way from here to the zoo. It’s a bit warm today, isn’t it? 今天有点暖和，是吗？ It was just growing dark, as she shut the
如：---Who is it? ---It’s me. ---是谁呀？---是我。
---Is it Mr. Wang? ---No, it is Dr. Green. ---是王先生吗？ ---不，是格林大夫。