第七讲 修辞格的翻译1 PPT

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确切)
暗喻;Metaphor 1) 何等动人的一页又一页篇章! 这是人类思维的花朵。
(徐迟:《哥德巴赫猜想》)What inspiring chapters!
They are the flowers of the human brainwork.
2) 霎时间,东西长安街成了喧腾的大海。(袁鹰: 《十月长安街》)At once,the Eastern and Western
Chang’an Roads became roaring oceans. 3) Jane’s uncle is an old fox,up to all kinds of evils.
简的叔叔是个老狐狸,什么坏事都干得出来。
4) After that long talk,Jim became the sun in her
heart. 那次长谈之后,吉姆成了她心中的太阳。
大家应该也有点累了,稍作休息
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汉语的暗喻和英语的暗喻都不露比喻的 痕迹,把甲直接说成 “ 是”乙或“变成 了”乙,常用的喻词在汉语里有 “是”、
“变成”、“变为”、“成为”、“成 了”、“当作”等,英语里常用 “be”作 喻词,也用 “become”,“turn into”等 词语。暗喻在翻译中一般也可采取直译。
was young,a man had to go out and find
opportunity and drag it home by the ears.” (Kurt Vonnegut: Tom Edison’s Shaggy Dog)
“休说什么机会难逢。机会正在国内每家每户 敲门,想要进去呢。 我年轻那会儿,人们得出
第七讲 修辞格的翻译1
1 直译法 ——对可译的辞格,尽可能直译
明喻;暗喻;拟人;夸张 讳饰;转喻;省略;折绕 移就;呼告;递升;递降;反语 跳脱; 排比; 设问; 反问; 谲辞
明喻 Simile
1) 刘玉翠回到村里,就好比是住进了监 牢里。(康濯《春种秋收》)Having
returned to the village,Liu Yucui felt as if she had got into prison.
但部分明喻采用了语义双关,不能从字面上进 行翻译,我们只要译出其实际意思便可:
as cool as a cucumber 非常冷静(×像黄
瓜一样镇定)
as sharp as a needle 十分精明 (×像针一
样精明)
as tight as a drum 非常不肯花钱 (×像鼓
一样紧)
as sure as a gun 一点不错 (×像枪一样
英语里 as ... as ...结构的明喻大多可以 直译 :
as cold as ice 冰冷 as hot as fire 火热 as hard as rock 坚如磐石 as light as feather 轻如鸿毛
下面的直译生动形象,也能被中国读者 所理解接受:
as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌 as bold as a lion 像狮子一样勇猛 as cheerful as a lark 像云雀一样快活 as blind as a bat 瞎得像蝙蝠
wk.baidu.com
拟人;Personification
1) 每条岭都是那么温柔,虽然下自山脚,上至岭 顶,长满了珍贵的林木,可是谁也不孤峰突起, 盛气凌人。(老舍:《小花朵集》)All the
ridges were so amiable. None of them stood above the others with arrogance,though
门去寻找机会,揪着耳朵把它拖回来。”
3) How soon hath Time,the subtle thief of youth,stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year! (John Milton)
时间,这个盗窃青春的狡猾的小偷,盗
窃了我二十又三年飞走了。
是世界上最漂亮的姑娘。
讳饰;Euphemism (委婉语)
1)尤氏道:“我也暗暗地叫人预备了。——就是那 件东西,不得好木头,且慢慢地办着罢。”(曹雪芹: 《红楼梦》,第十一回)“I’ve secretly sent people to get things prepared. But they haven’t found good
夸张; Hyperbole
1)我从乡下跑到京城里,一转眼已经六年
了。(鲁迅:《一件小事》)Six years have passed by in a twinkle since I
came to the capital city from the countryside.
2) She is the prettiest girl in the world. 她
2) He drove as if possessed by the devil.
他着魔似的驾车狂奔。
这个辞格在汉语和英语修辞里有着共同
的特点,那就是明显地打比方,在本体
和喻体之间都出现显而易见的喻词,如: 汉语里的 “像”、“好像”、 “比如”、 “仿佛”、“好比”、“像……一样”、 “如……一般”等等;英语里的like,as, as if,as though 等等。在翻译时,我们 可利用其共同特点,用译文中相应的喻 词来译原文里本体之间的喻词。
their slopes were fully covered with precious trees.
2)“Don’t talk to me about no opportunity any
more. Opportunity’s knocking down every door in the country,trying to get in. When I
wood for that thing yet,so we have to wait.”
2) His daughter is rather weak in the head. 他的女儿
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