高英unit5 love is a fallcy
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Eg： -每天鸡鸣的时候，太阳就出来了 -太阳是因为鸡鸣才出来的
5.“I know somebody like that,” she exclaimed. (para78)
exclaim: v. to say sth suddenly and loudly, especially because of strong emotion or pain.（由于强烈的感 情或痛苦而）惊叫，呼喊
• eg： • 万物都会死，而上帝永生
Contradictory Premises矛盾 前提
7.…she chirped, blinking her eyes happily. (para84)
chirp: v. 1.(of small birds and some insects) to make short high sounds吱喳叫；唧唧叫；发啁啾声 2. to speak in a lively and cheerful way轻松愉快的讲 话；嘁嘁喳喳的说
• Eg： • 委婉应答
Thank You！
Love is a fallacy para72-100
Introduction
Main idea
Language points
Main idea • The teaching of four logical fallacies
• ---Hasty Generalization（草率结 论） • ---Post Hoc（牵强附会） • ---Contradictory Premises（矛盾 前提） • ---Ad Misericordiam（文不对题）
8.I frowned, but plunged ahead.(para 85)
frown: v./n.皱眉；蹙额 ~ at sb./sth.皱眉 ~ on/upon sb./sth不同意，不赞成
9.Who knew? Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somewhere I could fan them into crater: flame.(para95)
• Maybe somehow…flame. • Metaphor • Perhaps I could develop the little intelligence still existing in Polly’s mind
Ad Misericordiam文不对题
Definition: An argument based on an来自百度文库appeal to the emotions; a logical fallacy that involves an irrelevant or highly exaggerated appeal to pity or sympathy. Also known as argumentum ad misericordiam or appeal from pity or misery. • answer has no connection with the question. • 并无关联的结论与前提
A fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased(公 正的) evidence. A hasty generalization always proceeds from the particular to the general.
2.…and when she desisted…(para72):
~ from sth/doing sth
desist: vi. cease；stop；abstain停止
eg: They agreed to desist from the bombing campaign.
Hasty Generalization草率结 论 Definition:
• Who knew? • A rhetorical question, expressing some doubt or some hope. He might still succeed in teaching Polly some logic. Nobody could tell for sure. • Maybe somewhere…smoldered: • Metaphor • Perhaps there is still some intelligence left in her empty or stupid mind. • Polly’s mind—the extinct crater of a volcano • Some sparks of intelligence--embers • 也许， 在她死火山般的脑袋里，还有一点余火 在闪烁冒烟。
• Definition: An argument (generally considered a logical fallacy) that draws a conclusion from inconsistent(前后矛盾的)or incompatible(不相 容的) premises. • when the premises of an argument contradict each other, there can be no argument. • 当论证的前提相互矛盾时，这立论便不能成立
4.I was getting nowhere with this girl…(para 76)
get somewhere/anywhere/nowhere: =to make some progress/no progress 有所（无所）进展 Translation: After six months’ on the project, at last I feel I’m getting somewhere.
I fought off a wave of despair.（ para76 ） fight off:击退，抵抗
paraphrase: For a moment a feeling of hopelessness came over me, but I managed to keep it off.
那个项目干了六个月之后，我终于感到有了 一些进展。
Post Hoc（牵强附会，错误因果）
Definition: A fallacy in which one event is said to be the cause of a later event simply because it occurred earlier. The cause has no connection with the result. 导致某一现象的原因仅停留在表面上
• It applies a special case to general rule. • 由个别情形来推断普遍规则
Eg: 天下乌鸦一般黑、无商不奸、、
3.I hid my exasperation.(para74)
exasperation: exasperate n. 被激怒的状态 v. 使烦恼；使恼怒；激怒 eg:He shook his head in exasperation.
• • • •
注意： claim reclaim acclaim
6.“I’ll never do that again,” she promised contritely.(para80)
contrite: a. Very sorry for sth bad that you have done深 ---contritely ad. 感懊悔的；痛悔的 ---contrition n.
Language points
1.“It will be better if you stop tugging at my sleeve,”(para72)
tug: v. pull hard；drag；haul 用力拉，拖，拖曳
~ at sth.
eg. She tugged at his sleeve to get his attention.
ember： A glowing piece of coal, wood, etc. from a fire; (pl.) the smoldering remains of a fire. 余烬
a bowl-shaped cavity, as at the mouth of a volcano or on the surface of the moon.火山口
smolder v. 1.(无明火地）阴燃，闷燃 2.（感情）郁积，压在心头 Excise : 1.The bonfire was still smoldering the next day. 到了第二天，篝火还在闷燃。 2.强压的怒火在他眼里燃烧。
Anger smoldered in his eyes.
5.“I know somebody like that,” she exclaimed. (para78)
exclaim: v. to say sth suddenly and loudly, especially because of strong emotion or pain.（由于强烈的感 情或痛苦而）惊叫，呼喊
• eg： • 万物都会死，而上帝永生
Contradictory Premises矛盾 前提
7.…she chirped, blinking her eyes happily. (para84)
chirp: v. 1.(of small birds and some insects) to make short high sounds吱喳叫；唧唧叫；发啁啾声 2. to speak in a lively and cheerful way轻松愉快的讲 话；嘁嘁喳喳的说
• Eg： • 委婉应答
Thank You！
Love is a fallacy para72-100
Introduction
Main idea
Language points
Main idea • The teaching of four logical fallacies
• ---Hasty Generalization（草率结 论） • ---Post Hoc（牵强附会） • ---Contradictory Premises（矛盾 前提） • ---Ad Misericordiam（文不对题）
8.I frowned, but plunged ahead.(para 85)
frown: v./n.皱眉；蹙额 ~ at sb./sth.皱眉 ~ on/upon sb./sth不同意，不赞成
9.Who knew? Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somewhere I could fan them into crater: flame.(para95)
• Maybe somehow…flame. • Metaphor • Perhaps I could develop the little intelligence still existing in Polly’s mind
Ad Misericordiam文不对题
Definition: An argument based on an来自百度文库appeal to the emotions; a logical fallacy that involves an irrelevant or highly exaggerated appeal to pity or sympathy. Also known as argumentum ad misericordiam or appeal from pity or misery. • answer has no connection with the question. • 并无关联的结论与前提
A fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased(公 正的) evidence. A hasty generalization always proceeds from the particular to the general.
2.…and when she desisted…(para72):
~ from sth/doing sth
desist: vi. cease；stop；abstain停止
eg: They agreed to desist from the bombing campaign.
Hasty Generalization草率结 论 Definition:
• Who knew? • A rhetorical question, expressing some doubt or some hope. He might still succeed in teaching Polly some logic. Nobody could tell for sure. • Maybe somewhere…smoldered: • Metaphor • Perhaps there is still some intelligence left in her empty or stupid mind. • Polly’s mind—the extinct crater of a volcano • Some sparks of intelligence--embers • 也许， 在她死火山般的脑袋里，还有一点余火 在闪烁冒烟。
• Definition: An argument (generally considered a logical fallacy) that draws a conclusion from inconsistent(前后矛盾的)or incompatible(不相 容的) premises. • when the premises of an argument contradict each other, there can be no argument. • 当论证的前提相互矛盾时，这立论便不能成立
4.I was getting nowhere with this girl…(para 76)
get somewhere/anywhere/nowhere: =to make some progress/no progress 有所（无所）进展 Translation: After six months’ on the project, at last I feel I’m getting somewhere.
I fought off a wave of despair.（ para76 ） fight off:击退，抵抗
paraphrase: For a moment a feeling of hopelessness came over me, but I managed to keep it off.
那个项目干了六个月之后，我终于感到有了 一些进展。
Post Hoc（牵强附会，错误因果）
Definition: A fallacy in which one event is said to be the cause of a later event simply because it occurred earlier. The cause has no connection with the result. 导致某一现象的原因仅停留在表面上
• It applies a special case to general rule. • 由个别情形来推断普遍规则
Eg: 天下乌鸦一般黑、无商不奸、、
3.I hid my exasperation.(para74)
exasperation: exasperate n. 被激怒的状态 v. 使烦恼；使恼怒；激怒 eg:He shook his head in exasperation.
• • • •
注意： claim reclaim acclaim
6.“I’ll never do that again,” she promised contritely.(para80)
contrite: a. Very sorry for sth bad that you have done深 ---contritely ad. 感懊悔的；痛悔的 ---contrition n.
Language points
1.“It will be better if you stop tugging at my sleeve,”(para72)
tug: v. pull hard；drag；haul 用力拉，拖，拖曳
~ at sth.
eg. She tugged at his sleeve to get his attention.
ember： A glowing piece of coal, wood, etc. from a fire; (pl.) the smoldering remains of a fire. 余烬
a bowl-shaped cavity, as at the mouth of a volcano or on the surface of the moon.火山口
smolder v. 1.(无明火地）阴燃，闷燃 2.（感情）郁积，压在心头 Excise : 1.The bonfire was still smoldering the next day. 到了第二天，篝火还在闷燃。 2.强压的怒火在他眼里燃烧。
Anger smoldered in his eyes.