独立主格结构.PPT课件
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10
The food being cooked, the boy was watching
TV. 小孩一边做饭，一边看电视。
The food cooked, the boy went to bed.
饭做好了，小孩去睡了。
11
1. Darkness ______ in, the young people strolled
began his class.
(相当于时间状语从句: When everyone had sat
down)
(T2h)e作b原o因y lea状di语ng：the way, we had no trouble
getting out of the
forest.
(相当于原因状语从句: Because the boy led the way)
(4) 作条件 状语：
More time given, we can finish the work.
8
【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】
1. 名词或代词+不定式 其中的不定式通常表示尚未发生或即将要发生的动作。 2. 名词或代词+现在分词 其中的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在 进行）或一般情况的状态、动作。
The students are walking in the school happily,
each wearing a card in front of his chest.
卡。
6
3. “名词/代词+过去分词”结构
该结构在句中常作 时间状语、原因状语、方式或伴 随状语、条件状语等。
(T1h)e作时tes间t
A. Time permits
B. If time permittin
C. Time permitting
D. Time's permittin
5. _______, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said
B. Goodbye had be
C. Goodbye said
2
独立主格结构具有两个特点： 1. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独
立存在。 独2.立独主立格主结格构结有构三一种般类用型逗：号与句子分开。
1. 逻辑主语+非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）
2. 逻辑主语+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词
短 语)
3. with/without + 复合宾语 （不定式、现在分词、过
worked out
C. working out
D. having been
worked out
3. There are various kinds of metals, each
______ its own
12
properties (特性).
2020/1/16
13
4. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afterno
状语：
finished,
we’ll
have
our
summer
vocation.
(T2h)o作u原sa因nds
状语：
of eyes
fixed
upon
him,
Nick
felt on edge.
7
(3) 作方式或伴随 状语： When in trouble, Sam would sit alone,
head bend.
去 分词、形容词、副词、介词短3
语）
(一)非谓语动词独立主格结构
1. “名词/代词+不定式”结构
由不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的动作 或状态。 •His friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing t
•No one to wake me up, I might be late for the first
•They said good-bye to each other, one to go home the other to go to th
4
2. “名词/代词+现在分词”结构
该结构在句中常作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、
方式或伴随状语等。
(1) 作
状语：
Every时o间ne having sat down, the teacher
Their room was on the third floor, it’s window overlooking the sports ground. 他们的房间在三层
楼上，窗户俯视着操场。
9
3. 名词或代词+过去分词 其中的过去分词通常表示被动意义或完成意义。 The manager looks worried，many things to settle. The manager looks relaxed, many things settled.
on the
百度文库
streets.
A. set B. setting
C. has set
D.
was set
2. A new technique ______, the production
increased by 20
percent.
A. to have been worked out B. having
D. When goodbye
6. She stood there, _______ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down
5
(3) 作条件 状语：
My health allowing, I will work far into the
night.
（相当于条件状语从句：If my health allows）
(4) 作
状语：
We r方ed式o或ub伴le随d our efforts, each man working
like two.
Grammar
独立主格
1
【独立主格结构的概念】
独立主格结构是一种特殊的结构，可以理解为一个
在句中做 状语 的短语，用于修饰整个句子。其位置
灵活，可位于句前或句末，常由逗号将其与句子分开。 需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用 任何连接词。
独立主格结构主要有两部分构成：逻辑主语和逻辑 谓语。名词或代词 作为逻辑主语 ；现在分词、过去分 词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语等作为 逻辑谓语。
The food being cooked, the boy was watching
TV. 小孩一边做饭，一边看电视。
The food cooked, the boy went to bed.
饭做好了，小孩去睡了。
11
1. Darkness ______ in, the young people strolled
began his class.
(相当于时间状语从句: When everyone had sat
down)
(T2h)e作b原o因y lea状di语ng：the way, we had no trouble
getting out of the
forest.
(相当于原因状语从句: Because the boy led the way)
(4) 作条件 状语：
More time given, we can finish the work.
8
【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】
1. 名词或代词+不定式 其中的不定式通常表示尚未发生或即将要发生的动作。 2. 名词或代词+现在分词 其中的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在 进行）或一般情况的状态、动作。
The students are walking in the school happily,
each wearing a card in front of his chest.
卡。
6
3. “名词/代词+过去分词”结构
该结构在句中常作 时间状语、原因状语、方式或伴 随状语、条件状语等。
(T1h)e作时tes间t
A. Time permits
B. If time permittin
C. Time permitting
D. Time's permittin
5. _______, we all went home happily.
A. Goodbye was said
B. Goodbye had be
C. Goodbye said
2
独立主格结构具有两个特点： 1. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独
立存在。 独2.立独主立格主结格构结有构三一种般类用型逗：号与句子分开。
1. 逻辑主语+非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）
2. 逻辑主语+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词
短 语)
3. with/without + 复合宾语 （不定式、现在分词、过
worked out
C. working out
D. having been
worked out
3. There are various kinds of metals, each
______ its own
12
properties (特性).
2020/1/16
13
4. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afterno
状语：
finished,
we’ll
have
our
summer
vocation.
(T2h)o作u原sa因nds
状语：
of eyes
fixed
upon
him,
Nick
felt on edge.
7
(3) 作方式或伴随 状语： When in trouble, Sam would sit alone,
head bend.
去 分词、形容词、副词、介词短3
语）
(一)非谓语动词独立主格结构
1. “名词/代词+不定式”结构
由不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的动作 或状态。 •His friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing t
•No one to wake me up, I might be late for the first
•They said good-bye to each other, one to go home the other to go to th
4
2. “名词/代词+现在分词”结构
该结构在句中常作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、
方式或伴随状语等。
(1) 作
状语：
Every时o间ne having sat down, the teacher
Their room was on the third floor, it’s window overlooking the sports ground. 他们的房间在三层
楼上，窗户俯视着操场。
9
3. 名词或代词+过去分词 其中的过去分词通常表示被动意义或完成意义。 The manager looks worried，many things to settle. The manager looks relaxed, many things settled.
on the
百度文库
streets.
A. set B. setting
C. has set
D.
was set
2. A new technique ______, the production
increased by 20
percent.
A. to have been worked out B. having
D. When goodbye
6. She stood there, _______ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down
5
(3) 作条件 状语：
My health allowing, I will work far into the
night.
（相当于条件状语从句：If my health allows）
(4) 作
状语：
We r方ed式o或ub伴le随d our efforts, each man working
like two.
Grammar
独立主格
1
【独立主格结构的概念】
独立主格结构是一种特殊的结构，可以理解为一个
在句中做 状语 的短语，用于修饰整个句子。其位置
灵活，可位于句前或句末，常由逗号将其与句子分开。 需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用 任何连接词。
独立主格结构主要有两部分构成：逻辑主语和逻辑 谓语。名词或代词 作为逻辑主语 ；现在分词、过去分 词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语等作为 逻辑谓语。