钙通道阻滞药物优秀课件
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B. 对血管平滑肌(vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs)的作用
1. Relax VSMCs, BP , arterioles more sensitive than veins
2. Most potent in dilation the coronary arterial 1. treatment for variant angina
2. Channel status and drug action
O
+-
Calcium channel blockers
[Ca2+]i = Ca n p
I
R
[CCaa:2+]单i: 一总钙钙离离子子C通内al道c流Bi钙ulom内ckc流ehrasnnel
n: 通道数目
p: 开放概率
II. Pharmacological actions
1. L-type calcium channel
组成与结构:
组成: 1、2、、和 亚单位 功能亚单位: 1
Channel structure and 1 subunit
Outside Menbrane
Inside DHP: Dihydropyridine; PAA: Phenylalkylamines
3. Nimodipine (尼莫地平) 、Nicardipine (尼卡地平) 具有脑血管选择性
C. Other smooth muscle cells
Relax bronchiolar, uterine and gastrointestinal SMCs
III. Therapeutic uses
室性心动过速(Ventricular tachycardia) 冠状动脉痉挛所致 对其他室性心律失常无效
3. Hypertension (高血压)
降压效果与基础 BP相关,不影响正常人血压
Advantages:
1. Do not affect cardiac output 2. Dilate renal vessels water and salt
心肌收缩(myocardial contraction) 维持心脏自律性和传导性(maintenance
of cardiac automaticity and propagation) 其他: 细胞增殖、腺体分泌、细胞移行、
递质释放、凝血等。
Sourcห้องสมุดไป่ตู้s of intracellular free calcium
A. 对心脏的作用
1.负性肌力作用(negative inotropic effect)
Decrease slow calcium influx during phase 2 contractility
引起反射性心肌收缩力增强
BP baroreceptor sense sympathetic activity contractility
钙通道阻滞药对心脏及对血管 作用的选择性
维拉帕米 heart vascular SMC 硝苯地平 heart vascular SMC 地尔硫卓 heart vascular SMC
2.负性频率作用及负性传导作用(negative chronotropic and negative conductive action)
excretion without water/salt retention 3. Uric acid excretion 4. Risk of shock 5. Prevent and reverse cardiovascular
钙通道阻滞药物优秀课件
Calcium channel blockers (Calcium antagonist, 钙拮抗剂)
一类通过干扰细胞膜上钙离子通道的活 性,阻断钙离子内流,从而降低细胞胞浆中 钙离子浓度的药物。
Physiological roles of Ca2+
血管平滑肌张力维持(maintenance of vascular smooth muscle tone)
膜去极化时开放; Six subtypes: T, L, N, P, Q, R
2. Receptor-operated Ca2+ channel (ROC):
激动剂如catecholamines (儿茶酚胺)可激动 对膜去极化不敏感
L-type calcium channel and mechanism of drug action
Slow Ca2+ influx in sinoatrial node (窦房 结) automaticity (自律性)
Slow Ca2+ influx in atrioventricular node (房室结) conduction velocity
引起反射性心率加快
Nifedipine > Diltiazem > Verapamil
维拉帕米为首选药物
折返引起的快速型室上性心动过速 维拉帕米为首选药物
80%恢复窦性节律
Use-dependence: channels being used frequently are more susceptible to block
房扑(atrial flutter)和房颤(fibrillation) 房室结(atriaventricular node) conduction 心室率
胞外内流(influx from outside): through calcium channels
+
肌浆网和线粒体释放(sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria release)
Classification of calcium channels
1. Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDC):
1.心绞痛(angina)
变异型心绞痛(variant angina): 舒张 大的冠状动脉,首选;
劳力型心绞痛(angina of effort): BP , afterload, oxygen demand
2. Supraventricular arhythmia (室上 性心动过速)
快速型室上性心动过速